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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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enzymes are proteins that function as biological proteins
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catalytic
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breaks up lipids so they can enter the bloodstream
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lipase
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breaks up carbohydrates so they can enter the bloodstream
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amylase
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are the main structural material for animals
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structural
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skin hair nails feathers
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a keratin
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collagen and elastin
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connective tussue
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movement
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muscle
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ovalbumin
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eggs
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casein
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milk
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gliadin
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wheat
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proteins which combine with viruses, bacteria, etc to destroy them
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antibodies
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proteins thrombin and fibrinogen prevent excessive blood loss
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clotting
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hormone regulate functions like growth etc.
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regulatory
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proteinsact as receptors for the neurotransmitter amines
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nerve impulse transmission
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long filament muscle proteins contract and expand during movements
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movement (muscles)
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muscle proteins
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actin and myocin
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many small molecules are transported through the bloodstream by "protein-taxi"
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transport
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transports fatty acids to and from storage
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serum albumin
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transports O2 from lungs
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hemoglobin
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long rod like or string like molecules, not water soluble, include collagen elastin keratin actin myocin
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fibrous proteins
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blob-like molecule, water coluble, hemoglobin, serum, albumin, enzymes etc.
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globular proteins
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what is the 1 structural element of proteins?
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order and indentity of each amino acid
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diseases like sickle cell anemia are caused by ________________ in the hemoglobin protein
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minor sequencing error
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what is the 2 structural element of proteins?
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small sclae folding patterns along the protein chain
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alpha helix
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held together by H bonds
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beta pleated sheet
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a folded sheet-like shape held together by hydrogen bonds
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what is the 3 structural element of proteins?
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large sclae folding patterns which show how 1 protein chain folds over itself
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2 cysteine amino acids can link their thiol R groups
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disulfide linkage
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attractions between the R groups of the acidic and basic amino acids
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salt bridges
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R groups with an H attached to an O, N, or F is attracted ot other O,N, or F atoms
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Hydrogen bonding
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nonpolar R goups attract other nonpolar R groups
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hydrophobic interactions
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What are the R groups for nonpolar amino acids
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-H, -benzene, -Alkane, - CH2CH2SCH3
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what are the r groups for polar amino acids?
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-alcohol, amine, amide, CH2SH
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two oppositely charged ions which exist in the same molecule
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zwitterion
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a switterion can only exist in solution which is _______
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isoelectric pH
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an antiduretic hormone, reducing urine formation, conserving water, and raising blood pressure
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vasopressin
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hormone which causes smooth muscles to contract, in labor and milk production
-induces labor |
oxytocin
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excessive amounts of proteins in urine indicate________
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kidney damage
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