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28 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
What are the three states of matter?
1. Solid
2. Liquid
3. Gas
How do we distinguish the three states of matter from one another?
By the way it fills a container
Are there any other states of matter besides solid, liquid or gas?
No
Define a solid
It has its own definite shape and volume.
Describe how the molecules are arranged in a solid.
They are smoshed together in a compact form.
Define a liquid
It takes the shape of it's container and has a constant volume.
Describe how the molecules are arranged in a liquid.
They are not held in place as compact as a solid.
Define a gas.
Takes the shape of the container and also fills the volume of the container.
Describe how the molecules are arranged in a gas.
Very far apart.
How does vapor differ from a gas?
Vapor is the gaseous state of a substance that is a solid or liquid at room temperature.
Define a physical property and give an example
A characteristic that can be observed or measured without changing the samples composition.

Density is an example of a physical property
How do intensive and extensive properties differ from one other?
An extensive property is dependent on the amount of substance present.

An intensive property is independent of the amount of the substance present.
Define chemical property and give an example.
The ability of a substance to combine with or change into one or more other substances.

An example is iron forming into rust.
In which state(s) of matter are the molecules most compressed?
Solid
In which state(s) of matter do the molecules fill the entire volume of a container?
Gas
In which state(s) does matter take the shape of a container?
Gas, Liquid
Compare the distance between the molecules of a gas in a very small container with the distance between the molecules of the same gas in a very large container.
The distance between the molecules in the very large container are farther apart because with a gas the molecules fill the entire volume of a container so the larger the container the farther the distance of between the molecules.
What happens to the volume of a liquid when it is poured from a small container to a larger container?
The volume does not change.
Name the two broad classes of matter
Physical and Chemical
What is the difference between a mixture and a pure substance?
A mixture is a physical blend of two or more pure substances in any proportion in which each substance retains its individual properties; can be separated by physical means while a pure substance is a sample of matter, either an element or a compound, that consists of only one component with definite physical and chemical properties and a definite composition.
What is the difference between a compound and an element?
A element is a pure substance that CANNOT be broken down into simpler substances by physical or chemical means while a compound is a chemical compound of two or more elements and CAN be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means and has properties different from those of its component elements.
Define a heterogeneous mixture.
A mixture that does NOT have a uniform composition and in which the individual substance remain distinct.
Define a homogeneous mixture.
A mixture that has a uniform composition throughout and always has a single phase; also called a solution.
What is a chemical property?
The ability or inability of a substance to combine with or change into one or more new substance.
What is a physical property?
A characteristic of matter that can be observed or measured without changing the sample's composition
Name some examples of physical properties
density, color, taste, hardness, melting point.
Name some examples of chemical properties.
combustibility, failure to react, tendency to corrode, flammability
Name the four indicators of a chemical change
1. Change in color
2. Change in temperature
3. Change in odor
4. Change in state of matter (production of gas or solid)