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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Smallest particle of an element that retain the chemical identity of an element
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atom
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amu
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atomic mass unit
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A convenient, although non SI unit of length used to express atomic dimensions
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angstrom
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the atomic number shown by the subscript, and the superscript
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mass number
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atoms with identical atomic numbers but different mass numbers
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isotope
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the average atomic mass of each element
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atomic weight
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the arrangement of elements in order of increasing atomic number, with elements having similar properties placed in vertical columns
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Periodic table
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the horizontal rows of the periodic table
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periods
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the vertical columns of the periodic table
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groups
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Except for hydrogen, all the elements on the left side and in the middle of the periodic table are classified as
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metallic elements or metals
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in an assembly of two or more atoms tightly bound together
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molecule
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chemical formula
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(O2(read oh two))
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a molecule made up of two atoms
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diatomic molecule
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compounds that are composed of molecules
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molecular compounds
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chemical formulas that indicate the actual numbers and types of atoms in a molecule
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molecular formulas
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chemical formulas that give only the relative number of atoms of each type in a molecule
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empirical formulas
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formula that shows which atoms are attached to which within the molecule
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structural formula
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an ion with a positive charge
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cation
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negatively charged ion
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anion
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ions that consist of atoms joined as in a molecular, but they have a net positive or negative charge
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polyatomic ions
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a compound that contains both positively and negatively charged ions
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ionic compounds
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system for naming substances
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chemical nomenclature
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polyatomic anions containing oxygen have names ending in -ate or -ite are called
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oxyanions
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study of compounds of carbon is called
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organic chemistry
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compounds that only contain carbon and hydrogen
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hydrocarbons
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a carbon atom bonded to four other atoms
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alkanes
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the dimention of atoms are expressed in
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angstroms
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provides the most direct and accurate means of experimentally measuring atomic weights
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mass spectrometer
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Organic compounds can form long chains of
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carbon bonds
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move in the space of the nucleus
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electrons
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the (blank) contains protons and neutrons
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nucleus
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a positive charge plus a negative charge
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cancels each other out
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Avogadro's Number
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6.02 x 10^23
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NaCl
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sodium chloride
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H2O
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formula for water
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Fe
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Iron
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All metals, except for (blank), are solids at room temperature
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mercury (Hg)
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"coinage metals"
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copper(Cu), silver(Ag), and gold (Au)
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most elements occur in nature as mixtures of
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isotopes
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the quantity of 1.602 x 10^-19
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the electronic charge
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