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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Law of Conservation of Mass
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mass is never destroyed, only transfered. No detectable change in mass occurs during a chemical reaction.
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Formula Mass
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The sum of the atomic masses given in a formula of a substance.
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Law of Definite Proportions
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different samples of a pure compound contain the same elements in the same proportion by mass
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Limiting reactant
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a starting material that is completely used up in a reaction
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Excess Reactant
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a starting materal that is not cpompletely used up in a reaction
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Octet rule
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Compounds tend to achieve electron configurations of the noble gases
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Ionic compounds
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Compounds formed by an electron transfer process
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Cations
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positive Ions
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Anions
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Negative Ions
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Reactants
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The origional substances in the chemical reaction
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Products
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the new substances formed in a chemical reaction
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Lavoisier
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French chemist known as the "Father of Chemistry"
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Dalton
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British chemist credited with explaining modern atomic theory with his three hypotheses
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Ionic Bonds
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Electric attractions that hold ions together
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Stock system
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Nomenclature used to give the value of ionic charge of a metal, such as CrCl2 Chomium (II)
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Covalent bonds
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A pair of electrons shared between two atoms
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Covalent Compounds
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compounds in which pairs of electrons are shared
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Polar Covalent bonds
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Bond formed by unequal sharing of an electron pair
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Electronegativity
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A measure of an atom's ability to attract bonding electons to itself
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Polar Molecule
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A molecule having an end that is slightly positive and an end that is slightly negative
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