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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Chemistry
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Physial science dealing with the composition and structure of matter
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Element
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A pure substance in which all the atoms have the same number of protons
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Compound
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Can only be broken into its component elements by chemical process
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Mixture
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Matter composed of varying proportions of two or more physically mixed substances
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Solution
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Homogeneous mixture
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Unsaturated Solution
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a solution in which more solute can be dissolved at the same temperature
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Saturated Solution
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a solution containing the normal maximum amount of dissolved solute
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Solubility
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The amount of solte that will dossolve in a specified amount of solvent at a given temperature.
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Supersaturated Solution
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A solution that contains more than the normal maximum amount of dissolved solute
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Molecule
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An electricaly neutral particle composed of two or more chemically bonded atoms
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Allotropes
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Forms of the same element that have different bonding structures in the same phrase
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Periods
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The horizontal rows on a periodic table
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Periodic law
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the properties of elements are periodic functions of their atomic number
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Groups
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Vertical columns of the periodic law
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Berzelius
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Swedish chemist who developed the modern symbol notation for elements
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Mendeleve
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Russion chemist given major credit for developing periodic table
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Represenative Elements
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Elements of Groups 1A-8A
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Transition elements
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Elements of groups 1B-8B
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Inner transition elements
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The lanthanides and actinides
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Matter
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anything that has mass and occupies space
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Aqueous
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A solution in which water is the solvent
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Metal
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an element whose atoms tend to lose electrons
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Nonmetal
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an element that tends to gain or share electrons
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Electron Configuration
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The order of electrons in the energy levels of an atom
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Valence Shell
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Outer shell of an atom
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Valence Electrons
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electrons involved in forming chemical bonds
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Ionization Energy
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The amount of energy it takes to remove an electron from an atom
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Ion
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an atom or chemical combination of atoms with a net electric charge
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Noble Gases
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Group 8A elements. Non reactive because last shell of valence electrons are full
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Alkali metals
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1A except hydrogen
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Halogens
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7A
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Alkaline earth metals
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2A
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