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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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chemistry
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the study of the composition of matter and the changes that atter undergoes
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matter
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anything that has mass and occupies space
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mass
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a measure of the amound of matter that an object contains; the SI base is kilograms
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weight
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a force that measures the pull of gravity on a given mass
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volume
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a measure of the space occupied by a sample of matter
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extensive property
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propety that depends on the amount of amtter in a sample
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intensive property
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type of matter, not the amount
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solid
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a form of matter that has a definite shape and volume
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liquid
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a form of matter that flows, has a fixed volume, and an indefinite shape
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gas
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a form of matter that takes the shape and volume of its container; gas has no definite shape or volume
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physical property
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a quality or condition of a substance that can be observed or meaured without changing the substance's composition
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physical change
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a change during which some properties of a material change, but the composition of the material does not change
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chemical property
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the ability of a substance to undergo a specfic change
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chemical change
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a change that produces matter with a different composition than the orginal matter
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energy
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the capacity for doing work or producing heat
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potential energy
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energy stored in chemical bonds
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kinetic energy
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the enegy an object has because of its motion
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Law of Conserversation of Mass and Energy
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Niehter mass no energy can be created nor destoryed but can be changed into another
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atmospheric pressure
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results from the collision of atoms and molecules in air on objects
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temperature
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a measure of the average kinetic energy particles in matter; it determines the direction of heat transfer
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evaporation
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water moves into air naturally
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vaporization
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liquid to gas
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boiling
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vapor pressure must equal atmosphere pressure above it
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normal boiling point temperature
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when the vapor pressure of a liquid equals standard pressure
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standard pressure
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760mm
101.3kpa 1 atm |
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STP
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standard pressure and temperature
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crystal structure
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particles are arranged in an orderly, repeating, three-dimensional pattern
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allotropes
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2 or more different molecules forms of the same elemtn in the same physical states (carbon- diamond, graphite, fullerne; oxygen- ozone O2 and O3)
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amphorous solid
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solid that lacks an ordered internal structure
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melting
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solid to liquid
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freezing
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liquid to solid
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boiling
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liquid to gas
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condensing
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gas to liquid
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sublimination
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solid to gas (with no liquid stage)
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deposition
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gas to solid (with no liquid stage)
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phase equlibirum
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only exist at the pahse change temperature
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