Chemistry Ch 1 Vocab

Front 1

Chemistry

Back 1

Study of MATTER and the changes that it undergoes.

Front 2

Chemical

Back 2

Any substance that has definite composition-- in terms of the atoms that compose it.

Front 3

Basic Research

Back 3

for the sake of increasing knowledge
("PURE CHEMISTRY")

Front 4

Applied Research

Back 4

to solve a problem
("APPLIED CHEMISTRY")F

Front 5

Technological Development

Back 5

procuding products that improve the quality of life;
innovating, inventing

Front 6

Organic Chemistry

Back 6

study of CARBON-containing compounds

Front 7

Physical Chemistry

Back 7

the study of properties and changes of matter in relation to ENERGY

Front 8

Matter

Back 8

has MASS and takes up SPACE

Front 9

How can properties used to describe matter be classified?

Back 9

EXTENSIVE and INTENSIVE property

Front 10

Extensive property

Back 10

depends on the AMOUNT of substance you have

Ex.
Mass, volume, weight

Front 11

Intensive Propertiess

Back 11

DO NOT depend on the amount of substance

Ex.
Color, consistency, texture, shape, density

Front 12

Why do all samples of a substance have the same intensive properties?

Back 12

becase they depend on teh type of substance, not the AMOUNT of it that is present

Front 13

Three states of matteR?

Back 13

Solid, liquid, gas

Front 14

Plasma VS. Gas

Back 14

Plasma particles are electrically charged

Front 15

How can PHYSICAL CHANGES be classified?

Back 15

reversible or irreversible

Front 16

Reversible changes:

Back 16

boil, freeze, melt, condense

Front 17

Irreversible changes:

Back 17

break, split, gring, cut, crush

Front 18

How can mixtures be classified?

Back 18

Homogeneous and Heterogeneous

Front 19

Heterogeneous:

Back 19

not uniform throughout the mixture

Ex.
Italian salad dressing

Front 20

Homogeneous:

Back 20

Uniform throughout the mixture

Ex. sugar water

Front 21

How can mixtures be separated?

Back 21

By physical processes
-filter, straining, distillation

Front 22

Differences in PHYSICAL PROPERTIES can be used to separate mixtures

Back 22

Ex..
Distillation:
components with lowest boiling point will come out first, etc...

Front 23

What always happens during a CHEMICAL CHANGE

Back 23

Chemical IDENTITY of the substance changes

Front 24

Clues of a chemical change:

Back 24

color change, release of heat and/or light (energy change), formation of a precipitate (solid stuff sinks to the bottom), evolution of gas (bubbles)

Front 25

Words that signify a Chem. change

Back 25

burn, rotm rust, oxidize, decompose, ferment, explode, corrode

Front 26

CHEMICAL PROPERTY

Back 26

Ability of a substance to undergo a specific chemical change

Front 27

HOw are the mass of the REACTANTS and the mass of the PRODUCTS of a chemical reaction related?

Back 27

MASS OF REACTANTS = MASS OF PRODUCTS

Front 28

The law of conservation of mass:

Back 28

matter can not be created nor destroyed

Front 29

Physical property:

Back 29

can be observed without changing the identity of the matter

Front 30

Physical Change:

Back 30

identity of matter does not change
-reversible
-irreversible

Front 31

Elements

Back 31

contain ONE type of matter

Front 32

Compound

Back 32

2 or more elements bound together

Front 33

Mixture

Back 33

2 or more pure substances mixed together; can be separated by physical means

Front 34

Mass

Back 34

measure of the amount of matter the object contains

Front 35

Physical state of GAS

Back 35

spaced relatively far apart

Front 36

Physical state of LIQUID

Back 36

close, but free to flow

Front 37

Physical state of SOLID

Back 37

packed tightly together, not able to flow

Front 38

Another name for HOmogeneous

Back 38

SOLUTION

Front 39

Chemical property

Back 39

ability of a substance to undergo a specific chemical change
-Chem properties can be observed only when a substance undergoes a chemical change

Front 40

During a chemical change...

Back 40

the composition of matter always changes

Front 41

Element

Back 41

simplist form of matter that has a unique set of properties

Front 42

Compound

Back 42

substance that contains two or more elements chemically combined in a fixed proportion

Front 43

Compound vs. element

Back 43

Compounds can be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means, but elements cannot

Front 44

Chemical symbols

Back 44

chemists use to represent elements

Front 45

Chemical formulas

Back 45

used to represent compounds

Front 46

Chemical symbol

Back 46

first letter ALWAYS capital

Front 47

Three broad classes of elements

Back 47

Metals, nonmetals, meltalloids

Front 48

Groups, families

Back 48

columns
VERTICAL

Front 49

Periods

Back 49

rows
HORIZONTAL

Front 50

Elements are the building blocks of compounds

Back 50

elements are in simplest form

Front 51

METALS

Back 51

Shiny luster
conduct heat/electricity very well
malleable & ductile (bendalbe, shapable)

Front 52

NONMETALS

Back 52

brittle, break
do not conduct heat/elect.
soft or gaseous at room temperature

Front 53

METALLOIDS

Back 53

have properties of metals and nonmetals