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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Alpha Helix
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A protein structure in which the protein is coiled in the form of a helix, with hydrogen bonds between C=O and N-H groups on adjacent turns
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Alpha Particles
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Particles that are identical to helium-4 nuclei, consisting of two protons and two neutrons
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Amide
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An organic compound that has an NR2 group attached to a carbonyl
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Amine
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An organic compund that has the general formula R3N, where R may be H for a hydrocarbon group
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Amino acid
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A carboxylic acid that contains an amino (-NH2) group attached to the carbon atom adjacent to the carboxylic acid (-COOH) functional group
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Amorphous solid
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A solid whose molecular arrangement lacks a regular, long-range pattern
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Amphiprotic
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Refers to the capacity of a substance to act as either an acid or a base
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Amphoteric
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Capable of behaving as either an acid or a base
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Angstrom
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A common non-SI unit of length, used to measure atomic dimenstions = 10^-10m
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Anion
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A negatively charged ion
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Anode
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An electrode at which oxidation occurs
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Antibonding molecular orbital
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A molecular orbital in which electron density is concentrated outside the region between the two nuclei of bonded atoms. such orbitals are less stable than bonding moleculer orbitals
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Aqueous solution
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A solution in which water is the solvent
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Aromatic hydrocarbons
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Hydrocarbon compunds that contain a planar, cyclic arrangement of carbon atoms
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Arrhenius equation
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An equation that relates the rate constant for a reaction to the frequency factor, A, the activation energy, Ea, and the temperature T: k = Ae^-Ea/RT
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Atmosphere
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A unit of pressure equal to 760 Torr
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Atom
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The smallest representative particle of an element
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Atomic mass unit
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A unit based on the value of exactly 12 amu for the mass of the isotope of carbon that has six protons and six neutrons in the nucleus
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Atomic number
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The number or protons in the nucleus of an atom of an element
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Atomic radius
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An estimate of the size of an atom
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Atomic weight
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The average mass of the atoms of an element in atomic mass units; it is numerically equal to the mass in grams of one mole of the element
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Autoionization
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The process whereby water spontaniously forms low concentrations of H+ and OH- ions by proton transfer from one water molecule to another
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Avogadro's hypothesis
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A statement that equal volumes of gases at the same temperature and pressure contain equal numbers of molecules
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Avogadro's law
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A statement that the volume of a gas maintained at constant temperature and pressure is directly proportional to the number of moles of the gas
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Avogadro's number
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The number of 12C atoms in exactly 12 g of 12C 6.022 X 10^23
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