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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Name all 3 Sub-Atomic Particles, and their mass. |
Protons - 1 Neutrons - 1 Electrons - >0 |
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What is an Isotope? |
An isotope is an atom = same proton number, different mass. |
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What is the Atomic Mass Number, Proton Number and Relative Atomic Mass? |
The Atomic Mass Number = Protons + Neutrons The Proton Number = Protons Relative Atomic Mass = The average Atomic mass of all Isotopes of an Element. |
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How does Ionic Bonding work? |
The non-metal ion loses gains electrons to complete its outer shell and becomes a negative ion. The metal gains the electrons to empty its outer shell, and becomes a positive ion. The Positive - negative forces of attraction form the compound. |
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Which shell holds 2 electrons? Which shells can hold up to 8 Electrons? |
2=Inner 8=any others |
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How does Covalent bonding work? |
2 non-metals share electrons to complete each others outer shell. |
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What is an alletrope? |
An alletrope is a different structure of the same compound, often with different properties,e.g. Graphite and Diamond |
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How does Metallic Bonding conduct electricity? |
As the Metal atoms form a giant metallic lattice, the metals de-localise their outer shell of electrons, meaning there is a sea of delocalised electrons, which can move within the structure. |
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How to work out the relative formula mass of a given compound? |
Multiply the atomic mass of each atom by the number of it in the compound, and add. |
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How do you work out the percentage by mass of an element in a compound? |
Divide the mass of the element by the mass of the compound, and multiply by 100 |
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Empirical Formulae, How do you work them out? |
Find mass of original element, do reaction, find mass of total. subtract 1 from t'other and get the mass of each. then divide the mass of each one by the relative mass of the element. divide both by the larger, which will give 1, and another number, which gives you the other amount of atoms. |
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How to make Oxygen? |
Hydrogen Peroxide and Manganese (catalyst) |
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How to make CO2? |
Heat Copper Carbonate or React Calcium Carbonate and Hydrochloric Acid |
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Tests for Water Presence and Pure Water? |
Anhydrous Copper Sulfate goes blue for presence. Boiling temp 100 degrees if pure. |
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General formula of Alkanes and Alkenes? |
CnH2n+2 for Alkanes, CnH2n for Alkenes |
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MEPB? |
Meth, Eth, Prop, But |
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Products of incomplete combustion of Alkenes/anes |
H20 always, and CO or C
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Sepearating crude oil is done by? |
Fractional Distillation |
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Catalytic Cracking is? |
Long Chain Alkane = Short Chain Alkenes and Alkanes |
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Calorimetry is done in 2 ways? |
Copper Calorimetre, for easily combustable fuel, while Insulated cup and thermostat for less exothermic or endothermic reactions |
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Condensation Polymerisation? |
Many Atoms with similar functional groups, E.G. HO and H, which bond, leaving the rest of the atoms to bond in a chain. |
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Addition Polymerisation? |
Un-saturated alkenes saturated by other un-saturated alkenes to make a saturated chein, e.g. Ethene - Poly(ethene) or styrene - Poly(styrene) |
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How to calculate the energy in Joules released by a reaction? |
Joules Released =Mass of water x Temp Change x 4.2 If you want the amount of energy per gram, divide by mass, if you want energy per mole, divide that by relative formla mass. |
