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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
chemical equilibrium |
is the state reached by a reaction mixture when the rates of forward and reverse reactions have become equal |
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equilibrium-constant expression |
is an expression obtained by multiplying the concentrations of products, dividing by the concentrations of reactants, and raising each concentration term to a power equal to the coefficient in the chemical equation |
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equilibrium constant Kc |
is the value obtained for the equilibrium-constant expression when equilibrium concentrations are substituted |
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equilibrium constant kp |
an equilibrium constant for a gas reaction, similar to Kc, but in which concentrations of gases are replaced by partial pressure (in atm) |
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law of mass action |
the values of the equilibrium-constant expression K, are constant for a particular reaction at a given temperature, whatever equilibrium concentrations are substituted |
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homogeneous equilibrium |
an equilibrium that involves reactants and products in a single phase |
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heterogeneous equilibrium |
an equilibrium that involves reactants and products in more than one phase |
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Le Chatelier's principle |
when a system in equilibrium is disturbed by a change of temperature, pressure, or concentration variable, the system shifts in equilibrium composition in a way that tends to counteract this change of variable |
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use equilibrium constant in many ways |
1) Quantitatively describe content of reaction mixture by looking at magnitude of Kc 2) Determine the direction will proceed by comparing Kc to the value of reaction quotient, Q same expression as Kc, but uses non-equilibrium values 3) Determine equilibrium, given initial and value of Kc |
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Kc is (>10 squared) very large |
equilibrium mixture is mostly products |
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K is (<10 negative squared) very small |
equilibrium mixture is mostly reactants |