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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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periodic law
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the physical and chemical properties of the elements are periodic functions of their atomic numbers
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periodic table
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an arrangement of the elements in order of their atomic numbers so that elements with similar properties fall in the same column or group
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lanthanides
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14 elements; atomic # 58-71
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Actinides
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14 elements; atomic # 90-103
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Alkali metals
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group 1
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alkaline-earth metals
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elements of group 2
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transition elements
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the d-block elements are metals with typical metallic properties
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main-group elements
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the p-block and s-block elements
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halogens
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elements of group 17
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atomic radius
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one half the distance between the nuclei of identical atoms that are bonded together
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Ion
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an atom or group of bonded atoms that has a positive or negative charge
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ionization
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any process that results in the formation of an ion
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ionization energy
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the energy required to remove one electron from a neutral atom of an element
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electron affinity
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the energy change that occurs when an electron is acquired by a neutral atom
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cation
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positive ion because it looses electrons
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anion
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negative ion because it adds more electrons
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valence electrons
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electrons available to be lost, gained, or shared in the formation of chemical compounds
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electronegativity
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a measure of the ability of an atom in a chemical compound to attract electrons
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