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57 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Elements |
Substances that cannot be broken down into a simpler substance |
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Properties of metal |
Bright and shiny luster malleable most silver-gray in color most are solid good conductors of heat and electricity
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Properties of nonmetal |
Solids, liquid, gases dull luster different colors poor conductors of heat ans electricity |
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Metalloid |
Share some properties with metals and some with non metals. |
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Atom |
Smallest particle of an element that has the properties of that element |
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Element |
Matter made of atoms of only one kind |
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Model |
Used to describe things that cannot be observed directly |
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who invented first atomic model |
Democritus |
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Model of Democritus atom |
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Dalton |
formed his model after collecting data about chemical reactions and behavior of gases |
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J.J Thompson |
was credited with discovering electrons |
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J.J. Thompson's model |
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Rutheford thought about the atom |
atom is mostly made of empty space and all of the positive charge of an atom is located in a very small point in its center called the nucles. |
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Rutheford's model |
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Nucleus |
Center of the atom, has most of the mass of the atom |
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Proton |
Positively charged particle found inside the nucleus |
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Neutron |
Particle with no charge found in the atom's nucleus |
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Atomic number |
the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom |
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Mass number |
is the number of neutrons |
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Isotopes |
atoms of any elements with different numbers of neutrons |
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Chemical Symbol |
a notation of 1 or 2 letters that represent an elemt |
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Electrons |
Travel around the nucleus in paths called orbits |
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Bohr Model |
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What happens when you add energy? |
Electrons move farther from the nucleus |
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What happens when you give off energy? |
Electrons move closer to the nucleus |
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What are the electron shells and how many electrons can it hold? |
K-2 L-8 M-18 N-32 |
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Dmitri Mendeleev |
Made the first periodic table |
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Henry Moseley |
developed the periodic table that is arranged by atomic number |
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Periods |
Horizontal rows across the periodic tabe |
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Groups |
vertical columns |
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Alkali Metals |
In group 1 and are silvery solids with low densities and low melting points |
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Alkaline Earth Metals |
In group 2 and is denser, harder, and has a higher melting point.
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Halogen |
In group 17 contains bromine and means salt former |
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NobleGases |
In group 18 ans rarely combine w/ other elements because they have a full outer shell. |
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Chemical bond |
the force that holds two atoms together |
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Ionic Bonding |
created when a positive and negative ion form a ionic bond |
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Metallic bonding |
bonding with other metals |
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Covalent bond |
Nonmetal atoms share electrons |
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A.) Which electron has less energy? B.) Which electron has more energy?
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A.) electron closer to the nucleus B.) electron farther from the nucleus |
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Chemical Change |
produces new substances that have different properties from those of the original substances |
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Physical change |
only affect physical properies |
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name the different signs of the chemical reaction |
-change of color -formation of a precipitate -release of heat -absorbing of heat -gas produced
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Exothermic reaction |
release of heat |
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Endothermic reaction |
absorbing of heat |
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Reactants |
substance that exist before the reaction begins |
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products |
substance that form as a result of the reaction |
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Law of Conservation of Mass |
the mass of the products must be the same as the mass of the reactants in the chemical reaction and you never create or destroy atoms |
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Radioactive elements |
unstable elements that naturally break down or decay and slowly convert to a more stable non radioactive substance |
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Radioactive decay |
the breaking down of particles from the nucleus and energy in the form of heat and light |
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Radiation |
the release of particles and energy |
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what happens during a radioactive decay |
the element will slowly change into atoms of a more stable non radioactive element |
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Transmutation |
the changing of one element to another through radioactive decay |
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Half life |
the amount of time it takes for half of the atoms of a radioactive element to convert to atoms of a more stable non radioactive element
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how many protons and neurons does a alpha particle have |
2 protons and 2 neutrons |
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what happens of a loss of a single alpha particle |
it will change the atomic number by 2 and the mass by 4 |
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what happens when a beta particle is loss |
increases the atomic number by 1 |
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What happens to a loss of a gamma particle |
no change in the mass or atomic number |
