Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
93 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
chemistry
|
the study of the composition
|
|
chemical
|
any material used in or produced by a chemical process
|
|
scientific method
|
1. observation
|
|
metric units of measure
|
lenght - meter (m)
|
|
SI units of measure
|
length - meter (m)
|
|
meter = ___inches
|
39.4 inches
|
|
1 inch = ___cm
|
2.54 cm
|
|
volume
|
the amount of space a substance occupies
|
|
1 liter = ___qt
|
1.06 qt
|
|
1 qt = ___ml
|
946 ml
|
|
mass
|
the measure of the quantity of material an object contains
|
|
*does not depend on gravity
|
so units of mass should not be used to refer to weight
|
|
weight
|
measure of the gravitational pull on an object
|
|
the gravitational pull on the moon is __/__ of the gravitational pull on the earth
|
1/6
|
|
1 kg = ___lbs
|
2.20 lbs
|
|
1 lb = ___ g
|
454 g
|
|
temperature
|
measure of how hot or cold an object is
|
|
2. water freeze
|
1. 100 C
|
|
2. water freeze
|
1. 212 F
|
|
scientific notation
|
number written in two parts: 1) coefficient 2) power of ten
|
|
for a number greater than 1 the power of ten is ___
|
positive
|
|
for a number that is less than 1 the power of ten is ___
|
negative
|
|
if power of ten is positive
|
then you know it is a number __
|
|
if the power of ten is negative
|
then you know it is a number ___
|
|
how many zeros in 10 to negative 4th power?
|
1. 4 zeros (10
|
|
measured numbers
|
numbers obtained by measuring device
|
|
what is meant by "uncertainty" in measuring
|
1. there is always uncertainty in measurements
|
|
significant figures
|
all the digits including the estimated digit (all non-zero & some zeros)
|
|
what are the 4 rules for determining that a figure is significant
|
1. not a zero
|
|
what are the 2 rules for determining that a number is not significant
|
1. zeros at the beginning of a decimal
|
|
exact numbers
|
1. numbers obtained by counting items
|
|
1 qt = ___ cups
|
4 cups
|
|
1 lb = ___ oz
|
16 ounces
|
|
how do you determine number of significant figures in multiplication and division
|
the final answer is written so it has the same number of significant figures as the measurement with the fewest significant figures
|
|
how do you determine the number of significant figures in addition and subtraction
|
the final answer is written so it has the same number of decimal places as the measurement with the fewest decimal places
|
|
billion
|
giga
|
|
million
|
mega
|
|
thousand
|
kilo
|
|
one tenth
|
deci
|
|
one-hundreth
|
centi
|
|
one-thousandth
|
milli
|
|
one-millionth
|
micro
|
|
one-billionth
|
nano
|
|
equalities
|
1. show the relationship between two units that measure the same quantity (ex: 1m = 100cm)
|
|
1 mL has what 2 equalities
|
1mL = 1cc = 1cm3
|
|
conversion factor
|
1. an equality written in the form of a fraction
|
|
1 gallon = ___ qts
|
4 qts
|
|
1 qt = ___ pints
|
2 pints
|
|
when an equality shows the relationship of units from two different systems
|
the number is _____
|
|
what equality which shows the relationship between two different systems
|
is an exception
|
|
when an equality shows the relationship for two units from the same system
|
it is considered ____
|
|
in terms of conversion factors stated in word problems
|
when we see "per" what should we think
|
|
what do we do with a % in a story problem
|
the % is parts of 100
|
|
*because this is %/100
|
different units can be used as long as they reflect the same %/100 ratio
|
|
what are the steps in solving a problem using conversion factors
|
1. state the given and needed units
|
|
density
|
1. comparison of the mass of an object to its volume
|
|
how do we determine the density of a solid
|
1. mass/volume
|
|
2. when a solid is completely submerged
|
it displaces a volume of water that is equal to its own volume
|
|
specific gravity (sp gr)
|
1. is a ratio between the density of a substance and the density of water
|
|
what is the density of water
|
1.00 g/mL
|
|
1 tsp = ___mL
|
5.0 mL
|
|
1mL = ___ g
|
1.20 grams
|
|
what is density dependant on
|
temperature
|
|
density and sp gr are the same at room temp
|
T
|
|
in terms of density and sp gr
|
which have units
|
|
how does heat flow relative to two objects of differing temperatures
|
heat always flows from a substance that is higher in temperature to a substance that is lower in temperature until the termperatures of both are the same
|
|
what is the formlula for converting celsius to fahrenheit
|
Tf = 1.8(Tc) + 32
|
|
what is the formula for converting fahrenheit to celsius
|
Tc = Tf - 32 / 1.8
|
|
how do we calculate a kelvin temperature
|
add 273 to the celsius temperature
|
|
0.000,001
|
moles
|
|
deci-'unit'
|
1/10 or 0.1 'unit'
|
|
centi-'unit'
|
1/100 or 0.01 'unit'
|
|
milli-'unit'
|
1/1000 or 0.001 'unit'
|
|
micro-'unit'
|
1/million or 0.000
|
|
nano-'unit'
|
1/billion or 0.000
|
|
kilo-'unit'
|
1000 times BIGGER than 'unit'
|
|
1 kilo-meter
|
1000 meters
|
|
1 milli-gram
|
0.001 grams
|
|
1 micro-gram
|
0.000
|
|
1 centi-gram
|
0.01 gram
|
|
1 deci-gram
|
0.1 gram
|
|
1 nano-gram
|
0.000
|
|
1 kilocalorie
|
1000 calories
|
|
1 milli-liter
|
1/1000 L or 0.001 L
|
|
1 micromole
|
1/1
|
|
0.000
|
001 moles
|
|
1 nanogram
|
1/billion grams
|
|
mg
|
milligram
|
|
dL
|
centi-liter
|
|
kcal
|
kilocalorie
|
|
mcg
|
microgram
|
|
nL
|
nanoliter
|
|
cg
|
centigram
|