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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Compressibility
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measure of how much the volume of matter decreases under pressure.
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Why are gases easily compressed?
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Because of the space between the particles in a gas.
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What factors affect gas pressure?
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The amount of gas, volume and temperature.
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Boyle's Law
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For a given mass of of gas at a constant temperature, the volume of the gas varies inversely with pressure.
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Boyle's Law equation
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P1 x V1 = P2 x V2
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Charles's Law
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the volume of a fixed mass of gas is directly proportional to its Kelvin temperature if the pressure is kept constant.
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Charles's Law equation
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V1/T1 = V2/T2
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Gay-Lussac's Law
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the pressure of a gas is directly proportional to the Kelvin temperature if the volume remains constant.
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Gay-Lussac's Equation
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P1/T1 = P2/T2
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The Combined Gas Law
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The combined gas law allows you to do calculations for situations in which only the amount of gas is constant
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Combined Gas Law Equation
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P1 x V1/T1 = P2 x V2/T2
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Ideal Gas Law
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To calculate the number of moles of a contained gas requires an expression that contains the variable n. The gas law that includes all 4 variables - P, V, T and n is the ideal gas law.
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Ideal Gas Law equation
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P1 x V1/T1 x n1 = P2 x V2/T2 x n2 OR
P x V = n x R x T or PV = nRT |
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What is the value of the ideal gas constant R?
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r = 0.0821 L x atm/mole x K
or 8.315 dm3 x kPa/mole x K |
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When do real gases differ most from an ideal gas?
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at low temperatures and high pressures
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Dalton's Law of partial pressures
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at constant volume and temperature, the total pressure exerted by a mixture of gases is equal to the sum of partial pressures of the component gases
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Dalton's equation
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P total = P1 + p2 +p3+...
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How many liters does 1 mole of gas occupy at standard tyemperature (273K) and pressure(101.3kPa) (STP)?
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22.4L
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Avogadro's Principle
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V1/n1 = V2/n2
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1 atmosphere is equal to how many kPA?
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1 atm = 101.3kPA
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How many mm HG is 1 atmosphere equal to?
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1 atmosphere is equal to 760 mm HG;
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converting kPa to atmospheres
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1 atmosphere/101.3 kPa
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converting kPa to mm HG
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760mm HG/101.3kPa
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Kelvin boiling point
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373 degrees Kelvin
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Kelvin freezing point
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273 degrees Kelvin
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1 bar is equal to
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14.503774 pounds per square inch (psi)
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1 torr
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1 mmHG at 0 degrees Celsius
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