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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Atoms
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All matter is made up of small units
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Atoms in certain combination form_________
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molecules
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Negative charge
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electrons
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Nucleus is made up of positive charges and neutral charges called
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protons and neutrons
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Number of protons in the nucleus
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Atomic number
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total number of protons and neutrons in an atom
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Atomic weight
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All atoms with the same atomic number are classified as _______
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Chemical element
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Isotopes
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any of two or more forms of a chemical element, having the same number of protons in the nucleus, or the same atomic number, but having different numbers of neutrons in the nucleus, or different atomic weights
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Electron shell
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where electrons are arranged
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Valence
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combining capacity of an atom. Dependent on the number of extra electons or missing in its outermost shell
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Atoms containing atleast two kinds of atoms
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Compound.. H2O
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Chemical bond
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attractive forces holding molecules together
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Ionic Bond
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NaCl Gaining or losing electrons
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Covalent Bond
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Sharing electrons. Ex. Chlorine,
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Cation
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Potassium or Sodium any positively charged atom or group of atoms
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Hydrogen Bond
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Hydrogen atom covalently bonded to one oxygen or nitrogen atom
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Molecular weight
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sum of the atomic weights of all its atoms
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Mole
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number of grams equal to the molecular weight
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Making and breaking bonds
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chemical reactions
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Reactants
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combining substances
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Product
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substance formed
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Inorganic compounds
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water. Essential for living cells
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Polar molecule
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Water. has an unequal charge
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solvent
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good dissolving medium
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solute
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dissolving substance
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Ionization
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When inorganic salts such as NaCl dissolve in water
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Buffers
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compounds that keep the pH from changing drastically
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Organic compounds
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Carbon.
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Carbohydrates
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CH2O
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Monosaccarides
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carb
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Disaccharides
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simple sugar
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Polysaccharide
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sucrose, fructose
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