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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How are elements on the periodic table organized? |
According to their physical and chemical properties |
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What is a atomic number? |
-equals the number of protons in a atom -is always a whole number -equals the mass of protons in the nucleus |
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What does each element on the periodic table have? |
-atomic number -symbol -name -atomic mass |
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What is a isotopes? |
Different forms of elements that have the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons |
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What is mass number equal too? |
Number of protons + number of neutrons |
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What is a period? |
The horizontal rows on the periodic table |
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What |
In vertical columns on the periodic table |
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Which way do atomic number and atomic mass increase on the periodic table ? |
Left to right and down |
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What is alkali metals? |
Column one: Li Na K Rn Cs Fr -highly reactive -react with water and oxygen -combine with non metals readily -low melting points and very soft -reactively increases as you go down the column |
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What are Alkaline earth metals? |
Group 2: Be Mg Ca Sr Ba Ra -less reactive then alkali metals -produce bright flames used in fireworks -Also react with water but not as vigorously as the alkali metals |
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What are halogens? |
Group 17: F Cl Br I At -non metals -Highly reactive -at room temperature: F Cl are gas Br is liquid and I is solid -F is the most reactive member of this family and I is the least -At is rare |
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What are noble gasses? |
Group 18: He Ne Ar kr Xe Rn -most stable and unreactive elements on the periodic table -At room temperature they are colourless odourless gasses |
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What are transition metals? |
-found in the centre of the periodic table - malleable ductile good conductors of heat and electricity -they are grouped together because their election arrangement is complex and different from other groups |
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What does a bohr Rutherford diagram do? |
They show how many electrons are in each shell surrounding the nucleus |
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What does a Bohr Rutherford diagram have? |
-element symbol - number of protons and neutrons and electrons |
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What are valence electrons? |
The electrons on the outer shell of the atom |
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What is a valence shell? |
The outer shell |
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Why are noble gases normally unreactive ? |
Because their atoms have filled the valence shells and that makes them stable |
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Which elements are the most reactive? |
The ones closest to having a full outer shell |
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Which elements are the least reactive? |
The least reactive are the events with a full outer shell |
