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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Volatility
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the ease that a liquid turns into a gas.
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Reflux
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the continual boiling and condensing of a reaction mixture to ensure that the reaction takes place without the contents of the flask boiling dry.
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Esterification
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the reaction of an alcohol with a carboxylic acid to produce an ester and water.
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dehydration
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an elimination reaction in which water is removed from a saturated molecule to make an unsaturated molecule.
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Hydrolysis
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a reaction with water or aqueous hydroxide ions that breaks a chemical compound into 2 compounds.
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Nucleophillic substitution
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a substitution reaction where a nucleophile is attracted to an electron-deficient centre, where it donates a pair of electrons to form a new covalent bond.
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% yield
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actual amount, in mol, of product
divided by theoretical amount, in mol, of product multiplied by 100 |
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limiting reagent
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a substance ina chemical reaction that runs out first
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atom economy
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molecular mass of desired product
divided by sum of molecular masses of all products multiplied by 100 |
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Molecular ion, M+
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the positive ion formed in mass spectrometry when a molecule loses an electron.
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Fragmentation
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the process in mass spec. that causes a positive ion to split into pieces, one of which is a positive fragment ion.
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