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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Alkane
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C(n)-H(2n+2)
C-C single bonds nonpolar naming: [SC carbon]-[Side Chain][Carbon-name]ane |
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Alkene
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C(n)-H(2n)
C-C double bonds naming: [SC carbon]-[Side Chain][Carbon-name]ene |
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Alkyne
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C(n)-H(2n-2)
C-C double bonds naming: [SC carbon]-[Side Chain][Carbon-name]yne |
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Geometric isomer
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same molecular formula and structure, different arrangement
same molecules on each C in C-C, but different on each side cis- symetric sides trans- asymetric sides |
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(un)saturated hydrocarbons
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saturated- every spot a H can go there is one
unsaturated- not filled with H's, double/triple bonds |
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Optical isomer
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a molecule that shares the same molecular formula as another molecule but differs in the arrangement of atoms or groups around a carbon atom; left-handed or right-handed form of a molecule
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Enantiomers
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isomers that are mirror images of each other and chiral
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Chiral
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a C is chiral if it has four different molecules attached to it
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Aromatics
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six C circle with alternating double bonds
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Alcohol
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R-OH
any hydrocarbon with an OH |
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Ether
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R-O-R*
two hydrocarbons on each side of an O |
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Carboxylic Acid
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R-C(=O)-OH or R-COOH
hydrocarbon with a carboxyl group on end C naming: replace "e" with "oic acid" |
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Fats (fatty Acids)
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a long chain hydrocarbon with a carboxylic acid group
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Ester
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R-O--C(=O)-R*
alcohol (RO) bonded with a acid (OCR*) naming: [alcohol]alkyl[acid]carboxylate |
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Polymer
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large molecule made up of monomers that are generally the same
keeps repeating |
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Condensation Polymer
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a polymer that when adding another monomer it loses 2-H's and a O and creates H2O as a side product
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Amide
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Carboxylic acid and a amine
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Polyamide
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reation of a diamine and dicarboxylix acid
ex: nylon |
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Volatility
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qualitative tenancy of liquid to vaporize
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Vapor Pressure
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quantitative, pressure of the vapor above surface of a liquid
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Endothermic
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Heat is going in
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Exothermic
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Heat is going out
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Relationship between Pressure and Temperature Equation
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Ln(P2/P1) = (-H/R) *
[ (1/T2) - (1/T1) ] R= 8.314 |
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Relationship between Temp. and Pressure Graph
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1
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Changes of states of matter Picture
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1
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Triple Point
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Point where atoms are in all three states of matter
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Crystalline solids
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homogenous 3-d repeating long-range order
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amorphous solids
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lack definite form, no long-range order
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Simple Cubic Cell
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1
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Body-centered Cubic Cell
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1
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Face-Centered Cubic Cell
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1
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allotropes
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atoms covalently bonded to surrounding atoms in 3-D network
Graphite, diamond, fullerene, nanotubes |
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Doping
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Replacing atoms with other atoms not equal to surrounding atoms outside electron #
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N-type Doping
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Extra electron, making it negative
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P-type Doping
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Missing electron, making it positive
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