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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is Hund's rule?
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In a sub-level, each orbital gets one electron before pairing occurs
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How many electrons are in each orbital?
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two
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Dorbereiner's table of elements
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In 1829, his table of triads was not very useful
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Newlands
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In 1864, founded the law of octaves
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Who came up with the modern table of the elements?
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Mindalayith
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Who came up with the same table, but used mass?
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Myer
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Who said that it should be organized by the atomic number?
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Moseley
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What are two ways an electron can be shown?
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wave as well as a particle
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What does the uncertainty principle say?
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It is impossible to simultaneously determine the momentum and the position of an electron with precision
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What is an orbital?
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a region in space where there is a high probability of finding the electron
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What is an orbit?
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definite path in space
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What are the quantum numbers?
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describe the electron's shell or energy level, shape of its orbital, orientation of its orbital in space, and its spin
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What is the principal quantum number?
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n, main energy level
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What letter do the sub-shells start with?
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K
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What is the sub-shell quantum number?
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L- s, p, d, f
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How are the sub-shells related to the principal quantum number?
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The number of possible subshells in a particular energy level is equal to the principal quantum number
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What is the orbital quantum number?
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the quantum number that describes the orientation in space
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What is the fourth quantum number that is described as either a + or - direction?
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Spin Quantum Number
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What is the Pauli Exclusion Principle?
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no two electrons in an atom may have the same set of four quantum numbers?
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What does Hund's rule say about fill sub-levels?
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one electron will occupy each orbital in that sub-level before pairing begins
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What is another name for the outermost electrons?
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valence electrons
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What is the Lewis symbol?
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The electron dot formula- outer-energy-level electrons as dots written around the symbol for the element
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What are the Alkali metals?
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group IA elements
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Which group is known as the Alkali earth metals?
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group IIA elements
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What group is the Chalcogens?
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group VIA elements; the oxygen family
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What is electron affinity?
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the amount of energy involved in the addition of one electron to a gaseous atom of the element
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What is electronegativity?
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a measure of the ability of a chemically combined atom to attract electrons to itself
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What is the first ionization energy?
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the minimum energy needed to remove one electron from an isolated gaseous atom
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What is the law of octaves?
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similar properties are repeated for every eighth element when they are arranged in order of increasing atomic mass
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