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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Describe the effect of concentration on the rate (speed) of reactions |
Concentration increases: -More H+ ions available -Number of effective collisions increases -Rate increases |
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Describe the effect of particle size on the rate (speed) of reactions |
Particle size/surface area (Ribbon/Powder): -Particle size decreases -Area exposed increases -Number of effective collisions increases -Rate increases |
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Describe the effect of catalysts (including enzymes) onthe rate (speed) of reactions |
-Changed the rate of reaction, NOT the amount of the product obtained |
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Describe the effect of and temperature on the rate (speed) of reactions |
-Particles gain higher kinetic energy -Particles move faster -Number of effective collisions increases -Rate increases |
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Danger of explosive combustion with fine powders(e.g. flour mills) |
-Flour particles are tiny -> Flour has a large surface area -> can catch fire -> lots of flour dust in the air -> spark from a machine can cause an explosion |
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Describe the application of the above factors to thedanger of explosive combustion with gases (e.g. mines) |
CH4 and other flammable gases collect in the air -> at certain concentration they form an explosive mix with the air -> spark is enough to set off an explosion |
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Photosynthesis reaction: Catalyst and effect of increased light intensity? |
-Chlorophyll -Reaction speeds up |
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Photographic film reaction: |
-a process of reduction ofsilver ions to silver -Ag + e- -> Ag -Reaction speeds up. Silver forms fastest where the brightest light strikes the film. |
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Predict the effect of changing theconcentration on reversiblereactions: Add more reactant Remove some reactant Add more product Remove some product |
-Equilibrium shifts to the right. More product is produced. -Equilibrium shifts to the left. More product breaks down to form reactants. -Equilibrium shifts to the left. More products break down to form reactants. -Equilibrium shifts to the right. More product is produced. |
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Predict the effect of changing the temperature on reversible reactions: Temperature decreases Temperature increases |
-Equilibrium shifts to favour the endothermic reaction. -Equilibrium shifts to favour the exothermic reaction. |
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Predict the effect of changing the pressure on reversible reactions: Pressure increases Pressure decreases |
-Equilibrium shifts to favour the side of the equation with fewer gas molecules -Equilibrium shifts to favour the side of the equation with more gas molecules |
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Equilibrium |
When the forward and backward reaction are taking place at exactly the same rate so the amount of reactants and products present don't change |
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Redox reaction |
Reduction and oxidation taking place together in a reaction |
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Oxidation vs Reduction |
O = Oxygen is gained/electrons are lost/inc. in oxidation state R = Oxygen is lost/electrons are gained/dec. in oxidation state |
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Name an oxidising agent and its colour change |
Acidified Potassium Manganate (Vll) -If a reducing agent is present, the purple colour fades |
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Name a reducing agent and its colour change |
Potassium Iodide -If an oxidising agent is present, a red-brown colour appears. |
