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65 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Histamine sources
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Mast cells, platelets, basophils
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Nitric Oxide Sources
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Mast cells, platelets, basophils
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Heparin sources
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Mast cells, basophils
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Kinins (bradykinin) sources
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Circulating alpha-2 globulins,
neutrophils, parenchymal cells |
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Histamine actions
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Cause endothelium to become sticky and adhese to neutrophils and macrophages
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Nitric oxide action
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Mediate sm muscle contraxn and pain. Cause endothelium to become sticky.
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Heparin action
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Prevents early coagulation to allow fluids out-activates antithrombin III (inhibts intrinsic), and inhibits platelet formation
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Kinin (brady) action
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Vasodilation,
inc cap perm, mediate pain, stim histamine release, activate eicosanoid cascade. |
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Eicosanoids, namely leukotrienes, are made from what?
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Cell membranes of neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils, macrophages, mast cells.
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LTB4 action
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Chemotaxis
make neutrophils stickier -promote resp burst and stimulate enzyme release by neutrophils Stim Ig produxn by B lymphocytes |
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LTC4, LTD4, LTE4 actions
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Inc cap perm:
Cause enothelium to contract and round up Chemotaxis for neutrophils Stim produxn of O2 metabolites and release of enzymes by WBCs Chemotactic for eosinophils Stim phospholipase |
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Eicosanoid prostaglandin source
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Macrophages
Platelets |
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Eicosanoid prostaglandin action
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Vasodilation
Pain mediation PGE's induce release of neutrophils into the circulation from bone marrow and peripheral storage pools |
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Acute phase protein-serum amyloid A's source
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Hepatocytes
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Serum amyloid A action
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Induce adhesion to and migration of leukocytes through endothelium
Alters cholesterol metab in macrophages |
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Acute phase protein fibrinogen source
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Hepatocytes
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Fibrinogen action
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Walls off bacterial agents
Forms meshwork/scaffolding for healing process to start Increases RBC aggregation |
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Acute phase protein Complement proteins source
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Hepatocytes and macrophages
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complement protein action
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Form lytic complex to poke holes in target cells
Opsonization of bacterial cells Chemotaxis for neutrophils Fragments inc vasc perm |
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Iron binding proteins (lactoferin) source
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Neutrophils
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Iron binding protein lactoferin action
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Remove Fe from Fe-transferin in tissue fluids
Produces oxidizing agents |
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Fibronectin (plasma soluble form) source and action
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Hepatocytes
Opsonize bacterial cells activates macrophages to phagocytose Causes macrophages to express Fc and C3 rcptrs |
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Fibronectin (insoluble form) action
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Links cells to ec matrix
Maintain cell shape Promote fibroblast growth Promote platelet adhesion serves as connector btwn fibrin and macrophage during repair Attracts fibroblasts into a wound and tethers them there |
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IFN alpha source
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WBCS
Fibroblasts |
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IFN alpha action
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Slow virus spread till Ab's made
Inhibit protein syntheses in adjacent cells: stim expression of enzyme that degrades mRNA Inhibit produxn of enzyme that starts translation |
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IFN beta source
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WBCs
Fibroblasts |
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IFN beta action
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Slow the spread of virus till Ab's made
Inhibit protein expression in adjacent cells (enzymes for degrading mRNA and inhibiting translation) |
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IFN gamma source
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Lymphocytes
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IFN gamma action
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Stim NK cells
Cause inflamm cells to express Fc and C3b Activate macrophages by stim NO synthetase and inducing syn of enzymes tha are antiprotozoal in nature. Enhance Ag processing and recognition |
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IL 1 source
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Endothelium
Macrophages |
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IL 1 action
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Acute phase protein syn
Cause sticky endothelium Stim neutrophil migration Immunological rxns stim hypothalmus to produce fever by stimulating PG produxn and release Stim sleep cntr and ACTH release Stim PG produxn and resp burst Act alons w/ IFNgamma and IL2 to enhance inflamm and immune response Bone and cartilage resorptn by stimulating osteoclast |
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IL 1RA source
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activated macrophages
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IL 1RA action
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Competes with IL 1 for IL 1 rcptr. Modifies and dampens inflamm response
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IL 2 and IL 15 souces
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Ag-stimulated T cells
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IL 2 and IL 15 action
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Stim helper T cells (TH 1 cells) and B-cell proliferation.
Enhance activity of cytotoxic T cells and NK cells |
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IL 3 source
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Activated T cells
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IL 3 action
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Hemopoietin (stimulates stem cells for all cell lines)
Stim mature mast cells and macrophages to divide and prvnt immature death. |
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IL 4 and IL 13 action
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Suppress inflammation (w/10)
and enhance immunity Activate T hlprs to stim B cells to produce Ab Note: IgE synthesis depndnt on 4 |
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IL 5 action
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Stim eosinophils proliferation during paasitic infxns.
Only Il specific for eosinophils |
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IL 6 source
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T cells, stromal cells, epithelial cells, and other inflamm cells
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IL 6 action
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Stim hepatocytes to make acute phase proteins
Stim IgA produxn persistant IL 6 results in bone marrow produxn shift from neutrophils to macropgs |
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IL 8 source
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Macrophages, endothelium, fibroblasts
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IL 8 action
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Stim neutrophils migration into site of inflamm by:
Adhesion expression on neutrophils Stim neutrophil activation and degranulation |
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IL 10 source
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Helper T cells
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IL 10 action
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Inhibit inflammation
Works w/ 4 and 13 to dampen macrophage and neutrophil response Stim B and T cells Inhibit macrophages from making proinflamm ck's |
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IL 12 source
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Macrophages
Neutrophils B cells |
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IL 12 action
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Stim cell mediated immunity
Stim T helprs that reg cell mediated immunity Stim NK cells Stim IFN gamma release |
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IL 13 action
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Binds T cells responsible for mediating the hyperresponsiveness of airways (asthma)
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IFN alpha source
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Activated macropgs
Neutrophils Lymphocytes NK cells Enothelial cells |
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TNF alpha action
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Promotes scar formation
Acts w/ IL1 to make fever Makes enothel sticky Directly kill certain bact Cachetin |
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TNF beta source
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Lymphocytes
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TNF beta action
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Lymphotoxin
Kills infected cells Needed for normal lymphoid dvlpmnt |
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Chemokine MIPs source
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Activated macrophages
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MIP action
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Stim lymphocytes and macrophages
Activate fibroblasts |
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Chemokine MCP-1 source
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Endothelium
Sm muscle Activated macrophages |
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MCP-1 action
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Attracts macrophages to inflammation site
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Chemokine Granulysin source
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Cytotoxic T cells
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Granylysin action
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Kills pathogenic bact
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Chemokine VEGF source
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Most tissue cells, not endothelium
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VEGF action
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Angiogenesis in wound healing
Increases vascular permeability |
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Chemokine PDGF source
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platelets
endothelium macrophages |
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PDGF action
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Induces fibroblasts, monoctes and sm muscle cells into lesion
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Chemokines EGF and FGF source
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Epithelium
Macrophages |
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Platelet activating factor source
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WBCs
Platelets Vascular endothelium |
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Platelet activating factor action
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Cause platelets and WBCs to aggregate and adhere to vasc endothelium
Causes WBCs to release enzymes and free radicals Inc vasc permeability |
