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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Rule for naming a compound that only contains two elements? |
Name of metal (or ammonium or hydrogen) + first part of name of non-metal + ide |
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Rule for naming a compound that contains three elements or more (usually oxygen being one) |
Name of metal (or ammonium or hydrogen) + first part of name of non-metal + ate |
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Valency of: NH4 SO4 CO3 OH NO3 |
+1 -2 -2 -1 -1 |
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Three important points to remember when balancing chemical equations? |
The number of atoms on both sides must be the same You can only write numbers in front of the formula You cannot change any formulae of the compounds involved - a common error |
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What are ionic equations? |
Ionic equations are equations that only show the ions which change or react in a reaction. Examples of reactions in which ions are used up or formed are displacement reactions of metals and halogens. |
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What is the relative formula mass? (Mr) |
The relative mass of compounds - calculated using the relative atomic masses of the elements in the compound multiplied by the number of particles of that element. |
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What is a mole? |
Chemists measure amounts of substances in moles. The mole is just a name used to indicate a certain number, just like a pair, a dozen, a trio, and that number is the Avogadro's number. |
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What is the Avogadro's number? |
6.02 x 10^23 |
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What is the molar mass? |
The mass of 1 mole of particles of that substance or the mass of 6.02 x 10^23 particles of that substance. The molar mass is the relative atomic mass (Ar) or relative formula mass (Mr) but expressed in grams. |
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How do you calculate moles using molar mass? |
Moles= mass/mr |
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What is molar volume of gasses? |
1 mole of any gas, at room temperature and pressure, occupies a volume of 24dm^3 which is called the molar volume of gases at RTP. |
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What is the formula for moles of gas? |
moles = volume/ 24dm^3 |
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What is the empirical formula? |
The simplest whole number molar ratio of the atoms/ions in a molecule/formula unit and can be calculated from experimental results. The empirical formula can also be used to indicate the ratio of salt particle to water molecules in hydrated salt. |
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What is the molecular formula? |
A molecular formula shows the actual number of atoms/ions in a compound and is a simple multiple of the empirical formula. There are many possible molecular formula from one particular empirical formula. However, if the molecular mass of the substance is known, the molecular formula can be calculated. |
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What formula gives us concentration? |
Concentration = moles/volume dm^3 |
