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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
element
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is any substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances.
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compound
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two or more elements that are chemically combined.
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organic compound
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most compounds that contain carbon.
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Important groups of organic compounds
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1. carbohydrates
2. lipids 3. proteins 4. nucleic acids |
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Inorganic compound
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compounds that do not contain the element carbon.
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carbohydrate
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is an energy-rich organic compound made of the elements carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
Sugars and starches are examples. |
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lipids
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are energy-rich organic compounds made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
Fats, oils and waxes are examples. |
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proteins
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large organic molecule made of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sometimes sulfur.
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amino acid
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a small molecule that is linked chemically to other amino acids.
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enzyme
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a type of protein that speeds up a chemical reaction in a living thing.
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nucleic acids
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are very long organic molecules made of carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, and phosphorus.
contain the instructions that cells need to carry out all the functions of life. Two kinds--DNA and RNA. |
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DNA
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the genetic material that carries information about an organism and is passed from parent to offspring.
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RNA
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a nucleic acid that plays an important role in the production of proteins.
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Role of water
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-most chemical reactions within cells could not take place without water.
-helps cells keep their size and shape. -helps keep temperature of cells from changing rapidly. -plays important role in carrying substances into and out of cells. |