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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Acid + a base
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Acid + base = metal compound (salt) + water
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Neutralisation
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Acids and Bases are chemical opposites i.e. they remove the effect of each other.
If an acid is added to a base or vice versa then Neutralisation is said to have occured. When equal amounts of a base is added to an acid you should obtain a pH of 7. |
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ph Scale
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is a way we can measure how acidic or basic a substance is
ph of 7 is neutral. (green) Acidic solutions will have a ph between 1 and 6. (red) Basic solutions will have a ph between 8 and 14. (purple) |
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Test for hydrogen gas
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The lighted match is put near the top of the test tube and it makes a squeaky pop.
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Chemical Change
(reactions) |
1) Temperature
2) Colour 3) Bubbles 4) New Solid |
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Change of state
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1) melting (solid to liquid)
2) freezing (liquid to solid) 3) evaporatin (liquid to gas) 4) condensation (gas to liquid) 5) sublimation (solid to gas) |
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Chemical changes
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Involve reactants becoming products. The products can easily be changed back into reactants
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Physical Changes
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1) Can easily be coverted
back to their original state 2) Are still the same substance but in a different form 3) Often involving a change of state |
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Litmus
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1) All substances that turned
blue litmus red are acidic. 2) All substances that turned red litmus blue are basic. 3) The substances which had no effect on the litmus are said to be neutral |
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Basic substances
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sodium hydroxide
ammonia solution calcium hydroxide soap |
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Acids and metals
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When metals react with acids they all produce HYDROGEN GAS
a metal + an acid = a metal compound + hydrogen gas |
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Neutral
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Tap water
distilled water colgate toothpaste |
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Acidic substances
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hydrochloric acid
acetic acid lemon juice sulfuric acid sodium chloride |
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Acids + metal carbonates
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Acid + metal carbonate = metal compound + carbon dioxide + water
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Test for Carbon dioxide gas
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The marble reacts with hydrochloric acid and the gas from those reactants enters the limewater which then goes milky if carbon dioxide is present.
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Acids and metal carbonates
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When acids react with metal carbonates they all produce carbon dioxide gas. The other product is called a salt or metal compound and cannot be seen as it is dissolved in the water. We could observe this product if we evaporated off the water. Water is also produce.
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Test for oxygen gas
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The glowing splint relights
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