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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is chemistry?
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The study of the composition, properties, and transformations of matter.
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What is a (scientific) theory?
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A consistent explanation of known observations
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What is accuracy?
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How close to a true value a given measurement is
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What are actinides?
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14 inner-transition metals starting with actinium in the periodic table
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What are alkali metals?
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Elements in group 1A of the periodic table
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What are alkaline earth metals?
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Elements in group 2A of the periodic table
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What is a chemical property?
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A characteristic that results in a change in the chemical makeup of a sample
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What is a conversion factor?
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An expression that describes the relationship between different units
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What is density?
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An intensive physical property that relates the mass of an object to its volume
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What is dimensional-analysis?
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A method of problem solving whereby problems are set up so that unwanted units cancel
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What is an element?
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A fundamental substance that can't be chemically changed or broken down into anything simpler
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What is energy?
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The capacity to do work or supply heat
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What is an extensive property?
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A property whose value depends on the sample size
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What is a group?
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A column of elements in the periodic table
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What are halogens?
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Elements in group 7A of the periodic table
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What are inner transition metal elements?
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Elements in the 14 groups shown separately at the bottom of the periodic table
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What are intensive properties?
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Properties whose value does not depend on the sample size
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What is the International System of Units (SI)?
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The seven base units, along with others derived from them, used for all scientific measurements
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What is kinetic energy (Ek)?
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The energy of motion
Ek = (1/2) mv squared |
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What are lanthanides?
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The 14 inner transition metals starting with lanthanum in the periodic table
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What is LD (subscript)50?
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The amount of a substance that is lethal to 50% of test animals
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What is matter?
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A term used to describe anything that has mass
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What is a metal?
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An element on the left side of the periodic table, bounded on the right by a zigzag line running from boron to astatine
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What are the noble gases?
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Elements in group 8A of the periodic table
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What are the nonmetals?
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Hydrogen plus elements on the right side of the periodic table, bounded on the left by a zigzag line running from boron to astatine
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What is a period?
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A row of elements in the periodic table
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What is the periodic table?
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A chart of the elements arranged by increasing atomic number so that elements in a given group have similar chemical properties
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What are physical properties?
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Characteristics that can be determined without changing the chemical makeup of a sample
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What is potential energy
(E (subscript)p)? |
Energy that is stored, either in an object because of its position or in a molecule because of its chemical composition
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What is precision?
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How well a number of independent measurements agree with one another
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What is a property?
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Any characteristic that can be used to describe or identify matter
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What are the semimetals (metalloids)?
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Elements adjacent to the zigzag boundary between metals and nonmetals
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What are significant figures?
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The total number of digits in a measurement
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What are transition metal elements?
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Elements in the 10 groups in the middle of the periodic table
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What is volume?
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The amount of space occupied by an object
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