Chem Vocab For Solutions

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Solution

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A homogeneous mixture; consists of slutes dissolved in a solvent

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solute

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dissolved particles in a solution

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solvent

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the disolving medium in a solution

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saturated solution

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a solution containning the maximum amount of solute for a given amount of solvent at a constant temperature and preassure

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unsaturated solution

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a solution that contains less solute than a saturated solution at a gien temperatureand pressure

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Supersaturated solution

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a solution that contains more solute than it can theorectically hold at a given temperature

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dielectric constant

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the ability to reduce the force of attraction of charged particles, a measure of polarity of a substance

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London Dispersion forces

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attractions between molecules caused by the electron motion on one molecule affecting the electron motion on the other through electrical forces; these are the weakest interactions between molecules

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dilute

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a solution that contains a small amount of solute

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concentrated

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a solution containing a large amount of solute

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molarity

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ratio of the number of moles of a given component to the total number of moles of solution

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Percent by mass

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the percent by mass of the solute in the solution

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Percent by volume

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same as percent by mass except using volume

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Mole fraction

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the number of moles of solute per liter of solution

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molality

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the number of miles of solute per kilogram of solvent

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normality

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the number of equivalents per liter of solution where the definition of an equivalent depends on the reaction takin place in the solution