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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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chemical bond
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mutual electrical attraction between the nuclei and valence electrons of different atoms that binds the atoms together
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octet rule
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chemical compounds tend to form so that each atom, by gaining, losing, or sharing electrons, has an octet of electrons in its highest occupied energy level
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ionic bond
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the chemical bond resulting from electrical attraction between large numbers of cations and anions
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covalent bond
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a chemical bond reslting from the sharing of an electron pair between two atoms
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polar covalent bond
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a covalent bond in hwich the bonded atoms have an unequal attraction fro the shared electrons
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non polar covalent bond
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a covalent bond in which the bonding electrons are shared equally by the bonded atoms, resulting in a balanced distribution of electrical charge
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bond energy
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the energy required to break a chemical bond and form neutral isolated atoms
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bond length
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the distance between tow bonded atoms at their ninimum potential energy, that is, the average distance between tow bonded atoms
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chemical formula
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a formula that indicates the relative numbers of atoms of each kind in a chemical compund by using atomic symols and unmerical subscripts
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diatomic molecule
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a molecule containing only two atoms
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Lewis structure
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a formula in which atomic symbols represent nuclei and inner-shell electrons, dot-pairs or dashes between two atomic symbols represent electron pairs in covalent bonds, and dots adjacent to only one atomic symbol represent unshared electrons
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lone pair
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a pair of electrons that is not involved in bonding and hat belongs exclusively to one atom
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molecule
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a neutral group of atoms that are held together by covalent bonds
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resonance
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the bonding in molecules or ions taht cannot be correctly represented by a single Lewis structure
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unshared pair
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a pair of electrons that is not involved in bonding and that belongs exclusively to one atom
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formula unit
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the simplest collection of atoms from which an ionic compound's formula can be established
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lattice energy
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the energy released when one mole of an ionic crystalline compund is formed form gaseious ions
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polyatomic ion
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a charged group of covalently bonded atoms
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ductility
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the ablility of a substance to be drawn, pulled, or extruded through a small opening to produce a wire
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malleablility
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the ablility of a substance to be hammered or beaten into thin sheets
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