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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Molecule |
a COVALENTLY bonded substance; can be atoms of the same element (Ex: diatomic elements/molecules); molecular substance = covalent substance |
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Compound |
a substance composed of two or more atoms from different elements CHEMICALLY bonded together |
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Bond |
forces of attraction that hold atoms together in a molecule or compound |
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Octet rule |
atoms bond together in order to have 8 electrons in their valence shell |
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Exothermic |
energy is RELEASED as a product of a chemical reaction |
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Ionic bond |
chemical bond involving the TRANSFER of electrons between a metal and nonmetal atom (metals lose, nonmetals gain); electronegativity difference between elements typically GREATER than 1.7 |
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Covalent bond |
chemical bond involving the SHARING of electrons between two nonmetal atoms; electronegativity difference between elements typically LESS than 1.7 |
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Oxidation number |
the “charge” an element has within a compound |
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Polyatomic ions |
atoms of two or more elements chemically bonded together and having a NET CHARGE |
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Stock system |
system using Roman numerals (appearing in parentheses) after the element symbol to indicate the oxidation number of a TRANSITION METAL |
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Binary compound |
compound containing 2 ELEMENTS (example: CO2) |
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Ternary compound |
compound containing 3 ELEMENTS (example: C6H12O6) |
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Polar molecule |
a covalent molecule with an unequal sharing of electrons; an asymmetrical covalent molecule; covalent molecule that does not pass the mirror test and/or has lone pairs of electrons around the central atom |
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Nonpolar molecule |
a molecule with equal sharing of electrons; a symmetrical covalent molecule; covalent molecule that does passes the mirror test and does not have lone pairs of electrons around the central atom |
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Intermolecular forces (IMF's) |
weak forces between molecules that hold the molecules to one another; not actually chemical bonds |
