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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the most common solvent among liquid solutions? |
Water |
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What is a solvent? |
The substance that does the dissolving EX: Water |
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What is a solute? |
The substance that is being dissolved EX: NaCl |
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What is Solvation? |
It is the process of surrounding solute particles with solvent particles to form a solution. |
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What is it called when solute particles are surrounded by solvent particles? |
Solvation |
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Polar solutes can be dissolved in? |
Polar solvents |
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Non polar solutes can be dissolved in? |
Non polar solvents |
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What are two ways to make a gas more soluble in a solution? |
1. Increase the pressure 2. Decrease the temperature |
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What is the difference between soluble and insoluble? |
How well something can dissolve in a solution. (mixable/dissolvable) |
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Define Super solution. |
The solution that contains more solute than needed to form a saturated solution. (added crystals can grow) |
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Define Saturated solution. |
The solution that contains as much solute as can possibly be dissolved. |
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Define Unsaturated solution. |
The solution has less than the max amount of solute. |
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Increasing the temperature usually causes the solubility of gases to _________. |
The solubility decreases |
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A point on any line indicates that a solution is... |
Saturated |
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A point above any line indicates that a solution is... |
Super saturated |
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A point below any line indicates that a solution is ... |
Unsaturated |
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Describe Dilution |
- add H2O -Only the amount of solvent changes |
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What are factors that affect solvation? |
1. Temperature Increase 2. Stirring/agitation 3. Surface Area |
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What are the equations for freezing and boiling point? |
^Tb=(Kb) (m) (df) +100 ^Tf= (Kf) (m) (df) - 0 |
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It requires more _______ to form an organized structure in a solution because the solute particles _________. The solution will not freeze until its at a lower freezing point. |
-energy -interfere |
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Why do you add salt to ice when making ice cream? |
Because the salt is able to lower the freezing point of the solvent. The salt and the ice react along with agitation to lower the freezing point. |
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Which would lower the freezing point more, 100 moles of sugar or 100 mole of NaCl? Why? |
100 moles of NaCl because NaCl's df is 2 which means it is bigger and has a lower freezing point of depression while sugar only has a df of 1. |
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Why must ice cream be cooled below 0 degrees before it freezes? |
Because the amount of the freezing point that is lowered depends on the characteristics of the solvent. They must pass the freezing point of pure water in order for the non-electrolyte solvent to freeze. |
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What is the equation for molarity? |
Molarity=moles/Liters -OR- m1v1=m2v2 |
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What is the equation for molality? |
m=mol/kg solvent |
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What is the conversion line? |
k h d UNIT d c m Kids have dropped dead converting metrics (?) |
