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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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proposed all of an atom's positive charge and cirtually all mass is in nucleus
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Rutherford
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form of energy that exhibits wavelike behavior (give examples)
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electromagnetic waves (ex. visible light, X-rays, microwaves, radiowaves
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lambda
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wavelength
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shorest distance between equivalent points on continuous wave
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wavelength
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v
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frequency
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number of waves that pass given point per second (hertz)
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frequency
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waves' height from origin to a crest or from origin toa trough
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amplitude
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sign for amplitude
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c
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c is equal to what number
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3.00*108
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encompasses all forms of electromagnetic radiation with only differences in the types of radiation being their frequencies and wavelengths
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electromagnetic spectrum (EM spectrum)
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Deals with quantums
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planck's concept
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matter can gain or lose energy only in small specific amounts called quanta
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Planck's concept
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minimum amount of energy that can be gained or lost by an atom
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quantum
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photoelectrons are emitted from a metal's surface when light of a certain frequency hits it
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photoelectric effect
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particle of electromagnetic radiation with no mass that carries a quantum of energy
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photon
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The lowest allowable energy state of an atom is called its
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ground state
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when an atom gains energy, it is said to be in an
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excited stateq
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Young danish physicist working in rutherford's lab propsed a answer to what question? name danish
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Bohr, Why are element's atomic emission spectra discontinuous rather than continuous
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predicts that all moving particles have wave characteristics
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de Broglie equation
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states that it is fundamentally umpossible to know precisely both the velocity and the position of a particle at the same time
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Heisenberg uncertainty principle
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the atomic model in whcih electrons are treated as waves is called the wave mechanical model of the atom or
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the quantum mechanical model of the atom
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three dimensional region around the nucleus that describes the electron's probable location
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atomic orbital
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indicates the relative sizes and energies of atomic orbitals
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principal quantum numbers
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specifies the atom's major energy levels
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n
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major energy levels are called
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principle energy levels
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the arrangement of electrons in an atom
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electron configuration
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states that each electron occupues the lowest energy oribital available
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aufbau principle
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Pauli exclusion principle
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a maximum of two electrons may occupy a single atomic orbital but only of the electrons have opposite spins
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states that single electrons with the same spin must occupy each equal energy orbital before additional electrons iwth opposite spins can occupy the same orbital
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Hund's rule
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electron-dot structure
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consists of the elemtn's symbol, which represents that atomic nucleus and innerlevel electrons surrounded by dots representing the atom's valence electrons
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