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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Recite order of electronegativity
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F
S Cl N Br I S C H P Si |
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What is Le Chatelier's Principle?
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Any change to the equilibrium will cause the equilibrium to move to counteract the change.
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What is dynamic equilibrium?
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The rate of the forward reaction is the same as the rate of the backward reaction IN A CLOSED SYSTEM.
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What does a change in concentration result in?
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Increased reactant concentration - equilibrium moves to products
Decreased products - equilibrium moves to reactants |
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What does a change in pressure result in?
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Increase in pressure results in the equilibrium moving to the side with the least amount of moles
Decrease in pressure results in a shift to the side with the most amount of moles |
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What does a change in temperature result in?
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Increased temperature results in a movement to the endothermic side
Decreased temperature results in a movement to the exothermic side |
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What does adding a catalyst do?
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A catalyst speeds up the rate of reaction by lowering the activation energy. Therefore equilibrium is reached faster.
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What kind of bonding occurs between alcohol molecules?
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H bonds at the -OH end
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What is an ether?
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An oxygen atom linking two hydrocarbon groups.
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Recite the naming of organic compounds.
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Meth
Eth Prop But Pent Hex Hept Oct Non Dec |
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What is formed when primary alcohols oxidise?
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Aldehydes, and then carboxylic acids
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What is formed when secondary alcohols oxidise?
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Ketones
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What do ketones end in?
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-one
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What do aldehydes end in?
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-al
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What solutions do polar solutes dissolve in?
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Polar solvents
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What solutions do non-polar solutes dissolve in?
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Non-polar solvents
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Naming esters - which compound comes first in the name?
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The alcohol
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What do esters end in?
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-oate
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What is a phenol?
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A ring of 6 carbons with an -OH group
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What is pH?
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pH is a measure of the concentration of H+ ions in solution.
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How can pH be calculated from mol per L?
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-Log10[H+]
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How do you calculated moles from grams?
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Moles = mass (g) / molecular mass
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What is avogadro's number?
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6.022 x 10^23
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What does chain length do to viscosity?
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Longer chains = higher viscosity
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What difference is there between primary secondary tertiary alcohols in terms of boiling points?
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As branching increases, boiling point decreases as the molecules begin to only be held together by Van der Waal's forces.
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What are diprotic acids?
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They have 2 Hydrogen atoms
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the lower the value of Ka
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The further the equilibrium lies to the left
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