Chem Of Life

Front 1

isomers

Back 1

compounds that have the same simple (chem) formula but different 3-D structure

Front 2

isotopes

Back 2

atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons

Front 3

cellulose

Back 3

glucose polymer
forms the cell walls of plants and gices structural support
glucose hooked together in a net design

Front 4

atom

Back 4

smallest particle of an element that has the characteristics of that element

Front 5

lipids

Back 5

organic compounds that have a large proportion of of C-H bonds and less oxygen than carbnohydrates
fats and oils
insoluble in water

Front 6

compound

Back 6

is a substance that is composed of atoms of different elements chemically combined

Front 7

mixture

Back 7

combination of substances in which the individual substances keep their own properties

Front 8

molecule

Back 8

group of atoms held together by covalent bonds

has no overall charge

Front 9

solution

Back 9

a mixture
in which one or more substances are evenly spread out in another substance

Front 10

nucleus

Back 10

center of an atom

Front 11

starch

Back 11

highly branched chains of glucose units
used as food storage by plants

Front 12

covalent bond

Back 12

sharing electrons

Front 13

monosaccharide

Back 13

simplest type of carbohydrate
simple sugar
ex- glucose, fructose

Front 14

peptide bond

Back 14

this is the covalent bond formed between amono acids

Front 15

polysaccharides

Back 15

many monosaccharides together
the largest carbohydrate units
ex- starch, cellulose, glycogen

Front 16

ionic bond

Back 16

attractive force between oppositely charged ions

Front 17

DNA

Back 17

deoxyribonucleic acid
master copy of an organism;s information code

Front 18

ion

Back 18

atom or molecule that that gains electrons (- charge)
or
looses electrons (+ charge)

Front 19

polymer

Back 19

a large molecule formed when smaller molecules bond together, usually in long chains

Front 20

metabolism

Back 20

all the chemical reactions in an organism that

break down and build molecules

Front 21

nucleotides

Back 21

these polymers are the smaller subunits that make up the nucleic acids

Front 22

glycogen

Back 22

animals store their food in this form
it is a glucose polymer
more branched than starch

Front 23

nucleic acid

Back 23

complex macronucleotide that stores information in cells in the form of a code

Front 24

RNA

Back 24

ribonucleic acid
forms a copy of DNA for use in protein synthesis

Front 25

carbohydrate

Back 25

organic compound composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen (HOC)
2:1:1 ratio

Front 26

acid

Back 26

any substance that forms hydrogen ions (H+) in water
pH 0-6

Front 27

enzyme

Back 27

a protein that speeds up a chemical reaction

Front 28

polar molecule

Back 28

a molecule with an unequal distribution of charge

has a positive and a negative end

Front 29

base

Back 29

any substance that forms hydroxide ions (OH-) in water
pH 8-14

Front 30

disaccharide

Back 30

monosacch + monosacch=polysacch
two monosaccharides together
two sugar carbohydrate
ex- sucrose= table sugar

Front 31

pH

Back 31

measure of how acidic or basic a solution is
0-14

Front 32

amino acids

Back 32

the basic building blocks of proteins
20 types
variety of shapes and sizes

Front 33

protein

Back 33

large complex polymer composed of HONC and sometimes sulfur
essential to all life
they build structure and cary out cell metabolism
held together by hydrogen bonds

Front 34

hydrogen bond

Back 34

weak bond
formed by the attraction of opposite charges between hydrogen and other atoms
helps hold togetherlarge molecules such as proteins