Chem Midterm Topic 2-Formulas And Equations

Front 1

diatomic molecules

Back 1

molecules written with a subscript of 2 because they are elements that exist in nature as two identical atoms covalently bonded
-BrINClHOF

Front 2

what kind of bond do diatomic molecules have?

Back 2

covalent

Front 3

qualitative info

Back 3

relates to things that canot be counted or measured

Front 4

quantitative info

Back 4

deals with things that can either be counted or measured

Front 5

empirical formulas

Back 5

-include all types of compounds
-represents the simplest integer ratio in which atoms combine to form a compound

Front 6

what do ionic substances form if they dont form units or molecules?

Back 6

ions in a compound

Front 7

how are ions in a compund written?

Back 7

in an empirical formula

Front 8

molecules

Back 8

units formed by covalently bonded substances

Front 9

molecular formula

Back 9

a multiple of the empircal foormula

Front 10

how do ions form a compound?

Back 10

negatively charged ions attract positively charged ions

Front 11

polyatomic ion

Back 11

a group of atoms covalently vonded together possessing a charge

Front 12

how do you form a bionary ionic compound formula?

Back 12

the positively charged metal is placed first, and the negatively charged nonmetal comes second or at the end
-the negative ion is slightly changed from the element to end in -ide

Front 13

what do you do if a binary compound contains two nonmetals rather than a metal and a nonmetal?

Back 13

-it is a binary covalent compound
you put the element with the LOWEST electronegaviity first
-you use a prefix to tell how many of each element there are

Front 14

prefixes for naming a binary covalent compound

Back 14

1- mono
2- di
3- tri
4- tetra
5- penta
6- hexa
7- hepta
8- octo

Front 15

endothermic processes

Back 15

processes that reuqire energy inorder to occur

Front 16

what happens to temp. during an endothermic reaction and why?

Back 16

the surrounding temp. is lowered bc the energy required is absorbed from the surroundings

Front 17

what does a endothermic process look like?

Back 17

A+ energy--->B
or A+B+energy--->B+C

Front 18

exothermic process

Back 18

process that releases thermal energy they it occurs

Front 19

what happens the temp during an exothermic reaction and why?

Back 19

the temp increases because energy is given off to the surrounding area

Front 20

what does an exothermic reaction look like?

Back 20

A+b--> C+ energy

Front 21

what has a a higher potential energy, exo or endothermic reactions?

Back 21

endothermic reactions have higher potential energy

Front 22

aqueos

Back 22

can be dissolved in water

Front 23

synthesis reaction

Back 23

-when two or more reactions combine to form a sginel product
A+B--->AB

Front 24

decomposition

Back 24

-the reverse of syntehsis
-a single compound is broken down into two or more impler substances
AB---> A+B

Front 25

single replacement

Back 25

one element replaces another in a compound
-a metal replaces another metal
A+BC-->B + AC

Front 26

how can a nonmetal replace a nonmetal?

Back 26

a nonmetal can replace a less active nonmetal (table j)

Front 27

double replacment

Back 27

AB+CD--->AD+BC

Front 28

how do you know if a double replacement will occur (3 ways

Back 28

1. one of the products is a solid
2. one of the products is a gas
3. if a molecular substance such as water is formed

Front 29

how do you determine an unknown reactant and product?

Back 29

figure out what would balance the equation

Front 30

how do you determine missing mass in equations??

Back 30

balance the mass on both sides of the equation