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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Period
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horizontal row on the periodic table
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Family/group
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vertical column on the periodic table
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Metals
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1. tend to lose electrons to form positive ions.
2. Metallic 3. Ductile and maleable 4. characteristic conductivity |
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Nonmetals
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1. Lower melting points than metals.
2. Form negative ions |
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Inert gases
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Nonreactive elements ex noble gases
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effective nuclear charge (Zeff)
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The amount of charge felt from the second electron in an ion.
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Periodic trends
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characteristics in elements based on their position on the periodic table.
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Atomic radius
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Increases from right to left and top to bottom.
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Ionization energy
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The energy required to remove an electron from the nucleus.
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Empirical formula
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The ratio of the number of atoms from one element to another in a compound.
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Molecular formula
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In molecular compounds, the exact number of elemental atoms in each molecule.
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Limiting reagent
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The reactant that would be completely used up if the reaction were to run to completion.
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Theoretical yield
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The amount of product when a reaction runs to completion.
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Actual yield
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The amount of actual product after a real experiment.
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Percent yield
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actual yield/theoretical yield x 100%
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Combination
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A+B--->C
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Decomposition
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C---->A+B
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Single Displacement
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A+BC---> B+AC
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Double Displacement
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AB+CD---->AD+CB
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Heisenberg uncertainty principle
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States that there exists an uncertainty in the product of the position of a particle and its momentum.
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Aufbau principle
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With each new proton added to create a new element, a new electron is added as well.
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Hund's rule
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electrons will not fill any orbital in the same subshell until all orbitals in the subshell contain at least one electron.
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Planck's quantum theory (deltaE=hf)
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Electromagnetic energy is quantized. aka, we can increase the amount of energy transferring without changing the frequency.
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"h" or Planck's constant
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6.6 x 10^-34 J/s
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