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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Physical Property of matter |
Definition: A property that does not alter the chemical composition of the substance Examples: color, boiling point, solubility etc. |
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Extensive property |
Definition: a property that depends on the size of the sample Ex: mass, volume |
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Intensive property |
Definition: a property that does depend on the size of the sample Ex: Boiling Point, Solubility.. |
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Chemical Property |
Definition: a property that describes the transformation of matter with other substances Ex: combustion, photosynthesis |
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A chemical change |
Definition: when substances are converted to other substances |
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Law of the Conservation of Mass |
Definition: For any ordinary chemical reaction, the total mass remains constant. I.E. mass of reactants = mass of products Note: Developed by Lavoisier |
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Law of Definite Proportions |
Definition: Compounds are defined by the proportions of the elements that they consist of I.E. No matter how large or small the sample size, carbon dioxide will always have the same ratio of carbon to oxygen Note: Given to us by proust |
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Law of Multiple Proportions |
Definition: When two elements make up different compounds then the ratio of the differing mass and the fixed mass of the other elements is a small whole number ratio |
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Dalton's Atomic Theory |
Definition: Elements are made of atoms, atoms are the same size and proportions between the same elements, Atoms do not change in chemical reactions |
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Electrons |
Definition: Negatively charged subatomic particles on outside of the atom Note: Discovered by jj Thompson in his cathode ray experiments where Thompson proved electrons and their ratio of the charge over the mass of the electron |
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Nuclear Model |
Definition: The atom has a massive center that is positively charged Note: discovered by Rutherford in his gold foil alpha particles experiments |
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Protons |
Definition: the positively charged subatomic particles of the atom's nucleus |
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Neutron |
Definition: the neutral charge subatomic particles of the atom's nucleus |
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Atomic number |
Definition: Number of protons in the nucleus. More importantly the main identifier for the elements |
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Mass Number |
Definition: The combined number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus. |
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Isotopes |
Definition: Atoms with the same atomic number but different mass number I.E. a different number of neutrons Note: isotopes exist with different masses in nature |
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Ions |
Definition: any atom that has more or less electrons than protons |
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Anion |
Definition: An ion with a negative charge(more elctrons than protons) |
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Cation |
Definition: An ion with positive charge(less elctrons than protons) |
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average atomic mass of an element |
Definition: The mass on the periodic table of elements for any one element is the weighted average of all the masses of all the naturally occurring isotopes of an element, weighted depending on the abundance in nature. |
