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46 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Smallest particles of an element that retains the chemical identity of the element
Atoms
____ are formed when atoms of more than one element combines
Compounds
_____ always have the same relative number and kind of atoms
Compounds
Particles that are smaller than an atom (ex. protons,neutrons, electrons)
Subatomic Particles
Particle with the ___ charge repel one another
Same
Particles with unlike charges are ____ to one another
Attracted
A type of radiation became known as ____ because it originated from negative electrode, or cathode.
Cathode Rays
Alpha
Beta
Gamma
Types of Radiation
Most of total volume of an atom in empty space where electrons move around the _____
Nucleus
Every atom has an equal number of electrons and protons, so atoms have no __ __ __
Net Electronic Charge
Vast majority of an atom's volume is the space where ___ reside
Electrons
Electrons are connected to ___ in the nuleus because of a force bettween particlees of opposite electrical charge
Protons
___ and _____ reside together in an atom's nucleus
Protons and Neutrons
Atoms have extremely small ____
Masses
Number of protons in the nucleus of an atom of any particular element
Atomic Number
Superscript or total number of protons and neutrons in an atom
Mass Number
Most ____ occur in nature as mixtures of isotopes
Elements
The average atomic massof each element is also known as its ____
Atomic Weight
Horizontal rows of the periodic table
Periods
Vertical columns of the periodic table
Groups
All elements on the left side and middle of the periodic table
Metallic Elements
Metals
All _____, except mercury (Hg), are solids at room temps
Metals
Metals are seperated from _____ by diagnal steplike lines
Nonmetallic Elements
3 subtomic particles bearing on chemical behavior
protons
neutrons
electrons
Expresses atomic dimensions
Angstrom
Takes up most of volume of an atom
Electrons
Significant difference in an atom
Subatomic Compositions
Total number of protons and neutrons in the atom
Atomic Number
Number of protone or electrons
Atomic Number
Atoms with identical atomic numbers but different mass numbers
Isotopes
Most elements occur in nature as mixtures of ____
Isotopes
Average atomic mass of each element
Atomic Weight
Horizontal rows of the periodic table
Periods
Except Hydrogen, all elements on the left side and middle of periodic table are ____
Metals or metallic elements
Chemical formulas that indicateactual numbers and types of atoms in a molecule
Molecular Formulas
Ionic compounds are generally combinations of ___and ____
metals and nonmetals
Molecular compounds are generally composed of only ____
nonmetals
System used in naming substances
Chemical Nomenclature
Rules for chemical nonmenclature (system used in naming substances) are based on division of ____ into categories
Substances
The major division of substances into categories is between ____ and ___compounds
Organic and Inorganic Compounds
Anions
Negative Ions
Compounds that contain only carbon and hydrogen
Hydrocarbons
Study of compounds of carbon
Organic Chemistry
Simplest class of organic molecules
Hydrocarbons
Hydrocarbons in which each carbon atom is attached to four other atoms
Alkanes
Atoms of the same elements that differ in mass number
Isotopes