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46 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Smallest particles of an element that retains the chemical identity of the element
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Atoms
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____ are formed when atoms of more than one element combines
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Compounds
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_____ always have the same relative number and kind of atoms
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Compounds
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Particles that are smaller than an atom (ex. protons,neutrons, electrons)
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Subatomic Particles
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Particle with the ___ charge repel one another
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Same
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Particles with unlike charges are ____ to one another
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Attracted
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A type of radiation became known as ____ because it originated from negative electrode, or cathode.
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Cathode Rays
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Alpha
Beta Gamma |
Types of Radiation
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Most of total volume of an atom in empty space where electrons move around the _____
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Nucleus
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Every atom has an equal number of electrons and protons, so atoms have no __ __ __
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Net Electronic Charge
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Vast majority of an atom's volume is the space where ___ reside
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Electrons
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Electrons are connected to ___ in the nuleus because of a force bettween particlees of opposite electrical charge
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Protons
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___ and _____ reside together in an atom's nucleus
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Protons and Neutrons
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Atoms have extremely small ____
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Masses
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Number of protons in the nucleus of an atom of any particular element
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Atomic Number
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Superscript or total number of protons and neutrons in an atom
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Mass Number
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Most ____ occur in nature as mixtures of isotopes
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Elements
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The average atomic massof each element is also known as its ____
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Atomic Weight
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Horizontal rows of the periodic table
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Periods
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Vertical columns of the periodic table
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Groups
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All elements on the left side and middle of the periodic table
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Metallic Elements
Metals |
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All _____, except mercury (Hg), are solids at room temps
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Metals
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Metals are seperated from _____ by diagnal steplike lines
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Nonmetallic Elements
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3 subtomic particles bearing on chemical behavior
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protons
neutrons electrons |
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Expresses atomic dimensions
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Angstrom
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Takes up most of volume of an atom
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Electrons
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Significant difference in an atom
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Subatomic Compositions
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Total number of protons and neutrons in the atom
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Atomic Number
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Number of protone or electrons
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Atomic Number
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Atoms with identical atomic numbers but different mass numbers
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Isotopes
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Most elements occur in nature as mixtures of ____
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Isotopes
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Average atomic mass of each element
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Atomic Weight
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Horizontal rows of the periodic table
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Periods
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Except Hydrogen, all elements on the left side and middle of periodic table are ____
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Metals or metallic elements
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Chemical formulas that indicateactual numbers and types of atoms in a molecule
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Molecular Formulas
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Ionic compounds are generally combinations of ___and ____
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metals and nonmetals
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Molecular compounds are generally composed of only ____
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nonmetals
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System used in naming substances
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Chemical Nomenclature
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Rules for chemical nonmenclature (system used in naming substances) are based on division of ____ into categories
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Substances
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The major division of substances into categories is between ____ and ___compounds
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Organic and Inorganic Compounds
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Anions
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Negative Ions
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Compounds that contain only carbon and hydrogen
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Hydrocarbons
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Study of compounds of carbon
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Organic Chemistry
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Simplest class of organic molecules
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Hydrocarbons
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Hydrocarbons in which each carbon atom is attached to four other atoms
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Alkanes
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Atoms of the same elements that differ in mass number
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Isotopes
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