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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Atomic number |
The number of protons in the atom of an element |
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Mass number |
The total number of protons plus neutrons in an atom |
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Isotopes |
Isotopes are atoms of the same chemical element, with the same number of protons, that differ only in the number of neutrons they contain |
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Relative atomic mass |
The average mass of an atom of an element divided by 1/12th of the mass of an atom of carbon-12 |
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Relative formula mass |
The average mass of a formula unit of a compound, divided by 1/12th of the mass of an atom of carbon-12 |
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Relative molecular mass |
The average mass of a molecule of a compound, divided by 1/12th of the mass of an atom of carbon-12 |
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Empirical formula |
The simplest whole number ration of atoms of each element in a compund |
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Molecular formula |
The actual number of atoms of each element in a compound |
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Electronegativity |
The power of an atom to attract the pair of electrons in a covalent bond |
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Covalent bond |
A shared pair of electrons, one from each atom |
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First ionisation energy |
The enthalpy change when 1 mole of gaseous atoms loses 1 mole of electrons to form 1 mole of gaseous unipositive cations under standard conditions of temperature and pressure, 298K and 10^5Pa |
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Enthalpy change |
The heat energy change measured under conditions of constant pressure |
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Standard enthalpy of combustion |
The enthalpy change accompanying the complete combustion of 1 mole of a substance in oxygen, all reactants and products being in their standard states under standard conditions of temperature and pressure... |
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Standard enthalpy of formation |
The enthalpy change accompanying the formation of 1 mole of a substance from its elements, all reactants and products being in their standard states under standard conditions of temperature and pressure.. |
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Enthalpy of atomisation |
The enthalpy change accompanying the formation of 1 mole of gaseous monatomic atoms from the element in its standard state under standard conditions of temperature and pressure.. |
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Bond enthalpy |
The enthalpy change when 1 mole of gaseous covalent bonds are broken |
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Mean bond enthalpy/energy |
The average enthalpy change when 1 mole of gaseous covalent bonds are broken, averaged over a series of molecules |
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Rate of reaction |
The change in concentration of a substance per unit time |
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Activation energy |
The minimum energy for colliding particles to react |
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Catalyst |
A substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without being changed in the final reaction in chemical composition or amound |
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Le chateliers principle |
When a system at equilibrium is subjected to a change, the equilibrium shifts to counteract that change |
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Hydrocarbon |
A compound containing only hydrogen and carbon |
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Nucelophile |
A proton lover, an electron pair donor |
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Electrophile |
An electron pair acceptor |
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Hess' law |
The enthalpy change accompanying a reaction is independent by which the route it takes only depending on the initial and final states |
