Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Covalent bonding models; 2 theories
|
1) localized bond model
aka valence bond theory 2) molecular orbital model |
|
|
covalent bond results from the overlap of ...
|
singly occupied orbitals
- each orbital has one electron |
|
|
sigma bond
|
greatest electron density is along the axis
- the electron is shared in an area centered on a line running between atoms |
|
|
hybridization
|
mixing
|
|
|
Pi bond
|
the greatest electron density is above or below the axis. No electron density on axis.
|
|
|
sigma bonds are ___ than pi bonds
|
stronger
- not 2 times as strong because a pi bond consists of 1 sigma 1 pi |
|
|
Double bonds
|
1 σ + 1 π
|
|
|
Triple bonds
|
1 σ + 2 π
|
|
|
Molecular orbital theory
|
covalent bond results from mathematical combination to from molecular orbitals
|
|
|
node
|
region with no probability of finding electrons
|
|
|
2 atomic orbitals →
|
2 molecular orbitals
- 1 anti bonding MO - 1 bonding MO |
|
|
molecular orbitals cover ...
|
the entire molecule
|
|
|
MO's are formed by combining of ______.
|
atomic orbitals
|
|
|
# MO's formed =
|
# atomic orbitals combined
|
|
|
Bonding MO's
|
lower in energy than the starting atomic orbitals
|
|
|
Anti-bonding MO's
|
higher in energy than the starting atomic orbitals
|
|
|
Nonbonding MO's
|
same energy at the starting atomic orbitals
|
|
|
Bonding order=
|
½ (#bonding electrons - # anti-bonding electrons)
|
|
|
BO= zero
|
bond does not exist
- molecule not stable |
|
|
Paramagnetism
|
attracted into the inducing magnetic field
|
|
|
diamagnetism
|
repelled from inducing magnetic field
-pair electrons |
