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9 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Most naturally occurring isotopes of elements up to atomic number ___ have stable nuclei.
19
Elements with atomic numbers of ___ and higher, usually have one or more isotopes that have unstable nuclei.
20
What makes an unstable nuclei?
to many or too few protons compared to the number of neutrons.
Unstable nuclei are:
radioactive
Define radioactive:
When an unstable nucleus spontaneously emits small particles of energy called radiation, to become more stable.
radiation takes these forms:
alpha (α) and beta (β) particles, positrons (β⁺), or pure energy: gamma rays (
An isotope that emits radiation is called a:
radioisotope
For most types of radiation, there is a change in the number of protons in the nucleus. This change is called:
transmutation
Transmutation occurs when:
an atom of one element is converted into an atom of a different element.