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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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- All matter is composed of atoms. - The atoms of a given element differ from the atoms of all other elements - Chemical compounds consist of atoms combined in specific ratios. only whole atoms can combine. - Chemical reactions change only the way atoms are combined in compounds |
Atomic theory |
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____ carry a positive electrical charge |
Protons |
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____ have a mass similar to that of a proton but are electrically neutral |
Neutrons |
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____ have a mass that i only 1/1863 that of a proton and carry a negative electrical charge |
Electrons |
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The amount of protons in a element is know as the ___? |
Atomic number |
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The sum of protons and neutrons in an atom is known as the ____? |
Mass number |
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Atoms with identical atomic numbers but different mass numbers. (ei. Ferric and Ferrous) |
Isotopes |
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Periodic table: Define Period |
Row that goes from Left to right |
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Periodic table: Define Group |
Each column is known as group |
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____ is the energy required to remove an electron from a neutral atom. |
Ionization energy |
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_____ is the energy change when a neutral atom attracts an electron to become a negative ion. |
Electron affinity |
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- Generally formed between a metal cation and a non metal anion - Always neutral |
Ionic Compound |
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Bonding formed between two non metal anions. |
Covalent bond |
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____ is a chemical rule of thumb that reflects observation of main group elements tend to combine is such a way that each atom has eight electrons in its valence shell. |
Octet Rule |
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A substance that donates H+ ions in water |
Acids |
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A substance that donates OH- ions or accepts H+ ions in water |
Base |
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VSEPR stands for |
Valance Shell Electron Pair Repulsion |
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What is VSEPR used for? |
Product shape by using the number of charge clouds around the central atom. |
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Atoms that will form bonds with themselves |
Diatomics |
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The Ability of an atom to attract electrons is called |
Electronegativity |
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Electronegativity value for Ionic bond |
2 or more |
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Electronegativity value for polar covalent bond |
0.5 - 1.9 |
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Electronegativity value for nonpolar covalent bonds |
0 - 0.4 |
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Prefixes: Mono- |
1 |
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Prefixes: di- |
2 |
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Prefixes: tri- |
3 |
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Prefixes: tetra- |
4 |
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Prefixes: Penta- |
5 |
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Prefixes: hexa- |
6 |
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Prefixes: Hepta- |
7 |
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Prefixes: Octa- |
8 |
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Prefixes: nona- |
9 |
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Prefixes: Deca- |
10 |
