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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Molecular Compounds- Covalent Bonds |
When electrons are shared between two atoms |
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Molecular Compounds- non metal |
Is a chemical element that lacks metallic attributes |
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Ionic Compounds |
Ions are held together in a structure by electrostatic forces termed ionic bonds. Positive charged ions are Cations, Negative charged ions are anions |
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Ionic Compounds- Ionic Bonds |
Transfer of electrons between elements |
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Ionic compounds- metal |
non-metal |
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Binary Ionic Compound |
composed of ions of two different elements-one of which is a metal, and the other a non metal |
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Binary Ionic Compound-Rule 1 |
The positive ion(Cation) is written first in the name; the negative ion(Anion) is written second in the name |
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Binary Compound-Rule 2 |
Cation is the same as the name of the (neutral metal) element. The charge on the cation is indicated using a Roman Numeral, in parentheses, immediately following the name of the cation (Ex: Fe3+ = iron(III) |
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Binary Compound-Rule 3 |
the anion is named by adding the suffix -ide to the root of the (nonmetal) element name (Ex: iodine = iodide, sulfur = sulfide) |
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Polyatomic Ion |
Ion composed of multiple atoms (Ex: CO3^2- = Carbonate Ion, NH4^+ = Ammonium Ion, H3O^+ = Hydronium Ion) |
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Compounds in Water- Ionic and Molecular |
1. Dissolve in water(Soluble) -->aqueous solution 2. Doesn't Dissolve (Insoluble) |
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Solution |
A homogeneous mixture of two or more substances (Solute(s) and solvent) |
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Solvent |
chemical in the largest amount |
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Solute(s) |
chemical dissolved in the solvent |
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Aqueous (aq) |
substance dissolves in water |
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Solid (s) |
insoluble if in water |
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Liquid (L) |
Insoluble if in water |
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Gas (g) |
insoluble if in water |
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Electrolyte |
Compound that dissolves in water to produce ions |
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Non-Electrolyte |
compound that dissolves but does not produce ions in water |
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Strong electrolyte |
for every molecule or formula unit that dissolves we get at least two ions |
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Weak electrolyte |
only a small fraction of the compounds that dissolve produce ions |
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Properties of Acids |
-Acids are reactive -Acids are soluble in water -Acids ionize in water to produce ions |
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Bases
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Produce OH^ - when dissolved in water |
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Ionic |
Soluble ionic compound with OH^ - anion Dissociate in water to produce OH^ - |
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Molecular |
Soluble molecular compound that can ionize to produce OH^ - |
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Strong Bases |
soluble ionic compounds with the OH^ - ion |
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Weak Bases |
Soluble molecular compounds with N that are also neutrally charged |
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Non-electrolytes |
Dissolve but do not produce ions molecular compounds that are neither acids nor bases |
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Oxyanion |
element bonded with oxygen to form an anion |
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Oxyanions with Halogens |
ClO^ -, ClO2^ -, ClO3^ -, ClO4^ - BrO^ -, BrO2^ -, BrO3^ -, BrO4^ - IO^ -, IO2^ -, IO3^ -, IO4^ - |
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Rules for Names and Formulas of Inorganic Binary Molecular Compounds |
1. Element furthest to the left and lowest on the P.T. is usually written first in the name and formula 2. Numbers of atoms are given by Greek prefixes and the second element has -ide added to the root name of the element. 3. If the element starts with an "a" or "o", the "a" or "o" is dropped from the end of the greek prefix 4. Acid not in water (not really an acid then), dont use any greek prefixes |
