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62 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What sodium salt is commonly called baking soda?
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NaHCO3
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Ionic Bond
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a chemical bond in which one atom loses an electron to form a positive ion and the other atom gains an electron to form a negative ion. Ex. MgO, NaCl
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Most soluble in water: Ca(OH)2, Mg(OH)2; Highest Melting point: MgO, NaCl
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1.)Ca(OH)2; because of lower ionization energy
2.)MgO; greater lattice energy for MgO due to increased electrostatic attraction |
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Covalent Bond
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a chemical bond that involves sharing a pair of electrons between atoms in a molecule.Greatest between atoms of similar electronegativities.Ex. H2, CH4
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Cations
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Positive Ions, flow towards the cathode.
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Anions
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Negative Ions, flow towards the anode
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Ionization Energy
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Energy is needed to remove electrons from atoms. Trend:Increases from left to right, and bottom to top.
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Anode
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Oxidation takes place here, normally the plating metal
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Cathode
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Reduction takes place here, normally inert material or object to be plated.
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Electronegativity
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the ability for a nonmetal/metal to attract the electrons in a given bond.Trend: Increases left to right and bottom to top.
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What is the hydrated form of aluminum oxide called?
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bauxite (Al2O3 + SiO2 + TiO2 + Fe2O3)
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How many bridging O's are bonded to each Si in; Asbestos, Mica
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1.) Asbestos(Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4): 2
2.)Mica :3 |
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What are the two formulas for the two fluorides formed by phosphorus?
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PF3, and PF5
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What is the formula of the para-magnetic oxide formed by chlorine?
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ClO2
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Complete the reaction: Mg +H3CBr ->(e. H20) ->______________
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H3C-Mg-Br (Grignard Reagent)
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Contact Process
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a catalytic method for producing sulfuric acid from sulfur dioxide and oxygen.
1.) Makes sulfur dioxide 2.)convers the sulfur dioxide into sulfur trioxide (the reversible reaction at the heart of the process) 3.)converts the sulphur trioxide into concentrated sulfuric acid. |
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What important industrial chemical is produced by the Contact Process?
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Sulfuric Acid (H2SO4)
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Complete the reaction: TiCl4 + Na ->_______+______
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NaCl +Ti
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MgO(s) is a (excellent, poor) conductor of heat and an (excellent, poor) conductor of electricity.
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excellent, poor
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Ziegler-Natta Catalyst
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a catalyst used in the synthesis of polymers of 1-alkenes (α-olefins).
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What two compounds are used to make the Ziegler-Natta Catalyst?
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Al(C2H5)3, and TiCl4
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Formulas of two principle sulfides found in nature.
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FeS2, PbS, ZnS, Cu3FeS3
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Complete the reaction: Cl2 + H2O ->______+______
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HCl+ HOCl
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Amethyst and Opal are impure forms of:
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SiO2 (Quartz)
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Of the elements of Na through Cl , which one is found in the free (uncombined) state in nature?
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Sulfur (S)
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Group IA
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alkali metals
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Group IIA
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alkaline earth metals
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Groups: IIIB, IVB, VB, VIB, VIIB, VIII(8,9,10), IB(11),IIB(12)
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Transition Metals
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Group VIA(16)
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chalcogens
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Group VIIA(17)
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halogens
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Group VIIIA(18)
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Noble gases
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When the group IA metals are dissolved in NH3(l), the vivid color produced is due to:
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solvated electrons
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what compound is the main constituent of marble, chalk, and limestone?
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CaCO3
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What are the formulas of the most stable oxides of Tl and Pb?
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Tl2O, PbO
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What element is used in both bronze and solder?
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Tin (Sn)
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What unusual property do bismuth and water both have in common?
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Both expand upon freezing
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What element is used in red stop lights and xerography?
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selenium (Se)
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What element dissolves in water to produce a brown solution, but dissolves in CCl4 to produce a violet solution?
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Iodine (I)
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What is the formula of Yellow sulfer and white phosphorus?
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S8, P4
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What element is the sole liquid non-metal at 25*C?
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bromine (Br)
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What element, in compound form, produces the red color in fireworks and highway flares?
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strontium(Sr)
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What is a eutectic mixture?
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the mixture that produces the minimum melting point.
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Iodine forms a brown solution when it is dissolved in H2O. When excess KI is added to I2(aq) the color disappears, why?
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Because I2+(I^-) -> I3^-
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What process is used to prepare ultrapare silicon?
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zone refining
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What compound remains when pure HOClO3 is dehydrated completely?
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Cl2O7(a hydride of perchloric acid)
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write the balanced equation for the neutralization of stomach acid (HCl (aq)) by milk of magnesia.
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Mg(OH)2 +2HCl -> MgCl2 +2H2O
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What group VA element is one of the few substances that expands on freezing?
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Bismuth (Bi)
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What group IIIA element exists in the liquid phase over the largest temperature range?
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Gallium (Ga)
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Group IA Metals form highly colored solutions when dissolved in liquid ammonia. Why?
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due to the formation of solvated free electrons
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What group VIA element is used n red lights?
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Selenium (Se)
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What two compounds are formed when Mg burns in dry air?
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MgO+Mg3N2
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The Frasch Process is used in the mining of what group VIA element?
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Sulfur (S)
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The eutectic of a mixture is the % composition of the mixture that exibits the mixture's:
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lowest melting point
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What elements in group IIIA and IVA are poisonous to humans?
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Tl, Pb
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What group VA metal is in the active ingredient of pepto-bismol?
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Bismuth (Bi)
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What amphoteric metal is produced by the Hall-Heroult process?
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Aluminum (Al)
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What group VIA element forms the anion in the principle ores of Pb, Cu, and Zn?
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Sulfur (S)
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What two oxides of Cl disproportionate in water?
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ClO2, Cl2O6
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What IIA element is the source of the crimson color in fireworks?
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Strontium (Sr)
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What is the primary source of Mg?
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Sea Water
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NaCl and MgO have the same crystal structure, why are their melting points so different?
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greater lattice energy for MgO due to increased electrostatic attraction
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The structure of a Grignard Reagent:
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R-Mg-Br
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