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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Alkane →(-H)→ ______
Alkane minus one hydrogen equals.... |
Alker Group
eg. methane →(-H)→ methyl |
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What feature does an alkene have?
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A carbon-carbon double bond
C=C |
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What feature does an alkyne have?
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A carbon-carbon triple bond
C≣C |
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What kind of feature(s) does an aromatic have?
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hexagon ring with carbon double bonds on every other carbon
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Alcohols
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pictured above: benzyl alcohol
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What is a feature of an ether?
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an oxygen atom connected to two alkyl or aryl groups — of general formula R–O–R
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What features does an aldehyde have?
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This functional group, with the structure R-CHO, consists of a carbonyl center (a carbon double bonded to oxygen) bonded to hydrogen and an R group,[1] which is any generic alkyl or side chain
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What feature does a ketone have?
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It features a carbonyl group (C=O) bonded to two other carbon atoms
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What feature does a carboxylic acid have?
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consisting of a carbonyl adjacent to an ether linkage
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What feature does an ester have?
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consisting of a carbonyl adjacent to an ether linkage
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What is a feature of an amine?
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contain a basic nitrogen atom with a lone pair
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What is a feature of an amide?
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a nitrogen attached to a carbon with a double bonded oxygen present
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Alkanes
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consist only of hydrogen and carbon atoms and are bonded exclusively by single bonds
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How to name an alkene:
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1. Name the alkane
2. Delete the "ane" 3. Replace with "ene" |
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Alkane →(-4H)→ _____
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Alkynes
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How to name an alkyne:
Change CH₃-CH₃ to an alkyne |
1. CH₃-CH₃ is named ethane
2. delete the "ane" 3. replace with "yne" ANSWER is: ethyne 1. Name the alkane 2. Delete the "ane" 3. Replace with "yne" |
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A 6 membered carbon ring with alternate single and double bonds; but all the carbons are identical
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Aromatic Hydrocarbon
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What is a thioalcohol?
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an alcohol in which the oxygen is replaced with sulfur
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What is a primary alcohol?
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alcohol carbon attached to one carbon and 2 hydrogens
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What is a secondary alcohol?
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alcohol carbon attached to two carbons and one hydrogen
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What is a tertiary alcohol?
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alcohol carbon attached to three carbons and no hydrogens
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Loss of hydrogen and a gain of oxygen is an _____.
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oxidation
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A primary alcohol or mild oxidation using [PCC] resutls in an _____.
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aldehyde
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Name this structure
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phenol
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How do you name an alcohol?
Name CH₃-OH |
CH₃-OH
1. name the alkane - methane 2. delete the "e" - methan 3. replace with "ol" - methanol ANSWER - methanol |
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How to do you name a thioalcohol?
Name CH₃-CH₂CH₂-SH |
1. name the alkane - propane
2. add thiol to the end ANSWER - propane thiol |
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Name this structure
CH₃-O-CH₃ |
dimethyl ether
Why? There are two methyl (dimethyl) and the O in the formula represents an ether |
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Name the structure
CH₃CH₂CH₂-O-CH₂CH₃ |
ethyl propyl ether
WHY? ethyl is from CH₂CH₃, propyl is from CH₃CH₂CH₂ (must be alphabetical so... ethyl before propyl) and the O represents an ether |
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How do you name an aldehyde?
Name CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CHO |
1. name the alkane
2. delete the "e" 3. replace with "al" ANSWER: heptanal |
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How do you name a ketone?
Name the structure |
1. Name the alkane
2. delete the "e" 3. add "one" ANSWER: propanone |
