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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How many parliaments did Charles call?
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3
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What were the background issues of the 1625 parliament?
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-Parliament were suspicious of Buckingham and therefore the king -Concerned with the lack of direction in the war against spain -suspicious of the growing influence of Arminianims and Catholicism -No crown spokesman to forward the kings intentions -there had been a recent outbreak of plague, meaning parliament wanted a quick adjournment |
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Reasons for calling the 1625 parliament?
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-Tonnage and poundage for shipping -Charles was eager for money to pursue the war against Spain |
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What did the main debates of this parliament include?
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Financing of war Tonnage and Poundage The war with Spain and the war with Buckingham |
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Financing of war information?
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They voted only two subsidies for sea war. Said that if parliament would not pay for war it was being disloyal and unrealistic £140 000
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tonnage and poundage?
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it was for protection of the seas and Buckingham seemed to be failing in this aspect. Phelps and Coke persuaded the house of commons to only call tonnage and poundage for a year
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Why did Charles dismiss this parliament?
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-No real financial support -Inadequate amount of money so asks for more (doubts surface about Charles) - Phielps and coke persuade them to only call tonnage and poundage for a year. Charles saw it as a direct challenge and continued to collect anyway |
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What year was the second parliament?
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1626
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Background issues of this parliament?
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-Parliament was critical of the war effort -Charles tried to remove leading opponents by appointing them as sheriffs- this only provided an opportunity for others to voice their concerns -An anti Buckingham faction emerged in the House of Lords (led by the earls of Arude and Bristol- as a result parliament impeach Buckingham -poor harvestsand poor export in cloth |
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reasons for calling this parliament?
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needed money- keen in raising revenue
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What were the main debates during this parliament?
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-Failure of the Cadiz expedition October 1625 -Campaign for the impeachment of Buckingham -Subsidies -Criticism of the York House meeting an the support shown to Arminianism |
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Campaign for the impeachment of Buckingham?
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Parliament were threatened by Charles but undeterred they prepared articles of impeachment. Bristol was charged with treason- parliament tried to impeach Buckingham
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Tonnage and poundage?
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Only granted for one year
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Subsidies?
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enquiry into the 1624 subsidies sold £350 000 of crown lands
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Criticism of the York House meeting and the support shown to Arminianism?
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Buckingham associated with Arminian so this increased resentment for him. Before the 1626 Parliament there was a meeting of Puritans and Arminians. Buckingham allied himself with the Arminians. This increased bad feeling towards him with parliament |
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Achievements/ appraisals?
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-The fleet came back embarrassment it had achieved nothing at an enormous cost and Buckingham who was Lord Admiral received much of the blame. -He decided to dissolve parliament. Abandoned subsidies which left the war in financial predicament. -Charles put his loyalty to his friend above good relations with parliament |
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When was the third parliament?
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1628-29
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Background issues? |
-A degree of reconciliation between the king and the commons eg the loan prisoners were released, but there was still a lack of trust -Charles blamed parliament for Buckinghams death in August as Felton had been moved to anger by Parliaments criticism of Buckingham -Buckingham was a hated man -2 forced loans 1625-26 |
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reasons for calling parliament?
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Charles was still needing half a million pounds ad only parliament could provide that sort of money
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What were the main debates? |
-finance- subsidies & tonnage and poundage -trial of the 5 knights -petition of right designed to confirm existing parliamentary powers -Arminianism -The seizure of merchant's property for failing to pay tonnage and poundage -When the king decided to Adjourn the three resolutions |
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finance- subsidies tonnage and poundage?
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Some merchants refused to pay it and had their goods confiscated. He believed he was entitled to it
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trial of the 5 knights?
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5 knights challenged the forced loans. They were arrested for refusing to pay the forced loans. They claimed Habeous Corpus (an application to be tried or released). Charles sought legal agreement to keep he men in prison under 'emergency powers'. This seriously damaged Charles reputation |
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petition of the right?
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-designed to confirm existing parliamentary powers. Would define the traditional rights of the subject when had existed 'time out of mind' Laid out things the royal government had done illegally. Charles signed it
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Arminianism?
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King promoted that that leading Arminian montage to be bishops of chicicister
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The seizure of merchants property for failing to pay tonnage and poundage?
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a petition was passed by the commons voting 5 subsidies (about £280,000 each)
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what did the petition of right consist of?
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-forced loans were illegal -arrested without reasoning This was intended to define the rights of the subjects. The petition started with a list of 'illegal acts' committed by Charles in recent years eg The forced loans; imprisonment of men without just cause, soldier being billeted on private individuals against their will; and the use of martial law (military imposed law) |
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What was passed before parliament was dissolved?
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3 resolutions were passed before parliament was dissolved. Charles thought that parliament were being unco-operative and h could rule more effectively without them and therefore embarked on personal rule
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who rose to power in the last parliament?
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Wentworth who accepted the post of President of the council of the North
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