Chapters 5 & 6 Court Cases

Front 1

Gitlow v. New York

Back 1

Supreme Court says the First Amendment applies to states.

Front 2

Palko v. Conneticut

Back 2

Supreme Court says that states must observe all "fundamental" liberties

Front 3

Chaplinsky v. New Hampshire

Back 3

"Fight words" are not protected by the First Amendment

Front 4

Collin v. Smith

Back 4

The Nazi Party may march through a laregely Jewish neighborhood

Front 5

McConnell v. Federal Election Commission

Back 5

Upholds 2002 campaign finance reform law

Front 6

Miller v. California

Back 6

Obscenity defined as appealing to prurient interests of an average person with materails that lack literary, artistic, politicial, or scientific value

Front 7

New York Times v. Sullivan

Back 7

To libel a public figure, there must be "actual malice"

Front 8

Reno v. ACLU

Back 8

A law that bans sending "indecent" material to minors over the Interent is unconstitutional because "indecent" is too vague and broad a term.

Front 9

Schenck v. United States

Back 9

Speech may be punished if it creates a clear-and-resent-danger test of illegal acts.

Front 10

Texas v. Johnson

Back 10

There may not be a law to ban flag-burning.

Front 11

Engel v. Vitale

Back 11

There may not be a prayer, even a nondenominatioanl one, in public scools

Front 12

Everson v. Board of Education

Back 12

The wlal-of-separation principle is announced

Front 13

Lee v. Weisman

Back 13

Public schools may not have clergy lead prayers at graduation ceremonies

Front 14

Lemon v. Kurtzman, 403 U.S. 602

Back 14

Three tests are described for deciding whether the government is improperly involved with religion

Front 15

Santa Fe Independent School District v. Doe

Back 15

Students may not lead prayers before the start of a football game at a public school

Front 16

Zelman v. Simmons-Harris, 536 U.S. 639

Back 16

Voucher paln to pay school bills in upheld

Front 17

Zorauch v. Clauson

Back 17

States may allow students to be released from public schools to attend religious instruction

Front 18

Dickerson v. United States

Back 18

the Mapp decision is based on the Constitution and it cannot be altered by Congress passing a law

Front 19

Gideon v. Wainwright

Back 19

Persons charged with a crime have a right to an attorney even if they cannot afford one.

Front 20

Mapp v. Ohio

Back 20

Evidenced illegally gathered by the police may not be used in a criminal trial

Front 21

Miranda v. Arizona, 384 U.S. 436

Back 21

Court describes ruling that police must give to arrested persons

Front 22

Rasul v. Bush, 03-334

Back 22

Terrorist detainees must have access to a neutral court to decide if they are legally held

Front 23

United States v. Leon

Back 23

Illegally obtained evidence may be used in a trial if it was gathered in good faith without violating the principles of the Mapp decision

Front 24

Plessy v. Ferguson

Back 24

Upheld separate-but-equal facilities for white and black people on railroad cars

Front 25

Brown v. Board of Education

Back 25

Separate public schools are inherently unequal, thus starting racial desegregation

Front 26

Green v. County School Board of New Kent County

Back 26

Banned a freedom-of-choice plan for integrating schools, suggesting that blacks and whites must actually attend racially mixed schools

Front 27

Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Board of Education

Back 27

Approved busing & redrawing district lines as ways of integrating public schools

Front 28

Reed v. Reed

Back 28

Gender discrimination violates the equal protection clause of the Constitution

Front 29

Craig v. Boren

Back 29

Gender discrimination can only be justified if it serves "Important governmental objectives" and be "Substantially realted to those objectives."

Front 30

Rostker v. Goldberg

Back 30

Congress can draft men without drafting women

Front 31

United States v. Virginia

Back 31

State may not finance an all-male military school

Front 32

Griswold v. Conneticut

Back 32

Found a "right to privacy" in the Constitution that would ban any state lawa gainst selling contraceptives

Front 33

Roe v. Wade

Back 33

State laws against abortion were unconstitutional

Front 34

Webster v. Reproductive Health Services

Back 34

Allowed states to ban abortions from public hospitals and permitted doctros to test to see if fetuses were viable

Front 35

Planned Parenthoood v. Casey

Back 35

Reaffirmed Roe v. Wade but upheld certain limits on its use

Front 36

Stenberg v. Carhart

Back 36

States may not ban partial birth abortions if they fail to allow an exception to protect the health of the mother

Front 37

United Steelworkers v. Weber

Back 37

Upheld the use of race in an employment agreement b/ween the steelworkers union and steel plant

Front 38

Regents of the University of California v. Bakke

Back 38

Justice Poweel said that a quotalike ban on Bakke's admission was unconstitutional but that "diversity" was a legitimate goal that could be pursued by taking race into account

Front 39

Richmond v. Croson

Back 39

Affirmative action plans must be judged by the strict scrutiny standard that requires any race-conscious plan to be narrowly tailored to serve a compelling interest

Front 40

Grutter v. Bollinger and Gratz v. Bollinger

Back 40

Numerical benefits cannot be used to admit minorities into college, but race can be a "plus factor" in making those decisions

Front 41

Lawrence v. Texas

Back 41

State law may not ban sexual realtions between same-sex partners

Front 42

Boy Scouts of America v. Dale

Back 42

A private organization may ban gays from its membership