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130 Cards in this Set
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hollowed out crusted area caused by traumatic scratching, abrasion or burning.
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excoriation
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Itching sensation associated with excoriation and some forms of dermatitis
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pruritus
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Type of scar that has overgrowth of tissue at the injury site...sometimes due to collagen build up.
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Keloid scar
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Tissue death
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Necrosis
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example: ulcer
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Cracklike lesions of the skin.
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Fissure
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ex: anal fissure
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Circumscribed craterlike lesions of skin or mucous membrane resulting from necrosis.
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Decubitus Ulcers
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Often called "bed sores" in bed ridden patients.
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Chronic, pruritic, superficial inflammation of the skin usually associated with a family history of allergic disorders.
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Atopic Dermatitis
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Irritated or allergic response of the skin that can lead to an acute or chronic inflammation.
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Contact Dermatitis
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Inflammatory scaling disease of the scalp and face. Cradle cap in infants.
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Seborrheic dermatitis
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in infants, this is known as "cradle cap".
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Fungal infection of the scalp.
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Tinea capitis
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aka: Ring worm
capit/o head is noun ending |
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Ringworm of the body, manifested by pink to red papulosquamous annular (ringlike) plaques with raised borders.
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Tinea corporis
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aka: ringworm of body
corpor/o body |
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Fungal infection of the foot. aka: athlete's foot.
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Tinea pedis
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ped/o foot
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Fungal infection of the nails. Aka:
onychomycosis. |
Tinea unguim
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ungu/ nail
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Viral infection characterized by clusters of small vesicles filled with clear fluid on raised inflammatory bases on the skin or mucosa.
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HSV Herpes simplex viruses
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causes fever blisters (herpetic stomatis) and inflammation of the cornea.
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HSV-1
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more commonly known as "genital herpes".
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HSV-2
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Acute painful rash caused by reactivation of the latent varicella-zoster virus. Aka: Shingles.
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Herpes zoster
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shingles are similar to chicken pox.
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Common, contagious epithelial growths usually appearing on the skin of the hands, legs and face; can be caused by any of the 60 types of HPV Human papillomavirus. Aka: warts
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Verruca
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Pl: verrucae
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Baldness or hair loss resulting from genetic factors, aging or disease.
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Alopecia
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There are 6 stages of these. The worst, stage 6, involves muscle, fat and bone. Known as pressure or bedsores.
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Decubitis Ulcers
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"Redness" is commonly know as:
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Erythema.
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Burn in which only the first layer of skin, the epidermis, is damaged. Characterized by redness,tenderness and hyperesthesia, with no scar development.
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First Degree Burn
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Known as a superficial burn.
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Burn in which the first and second layers (epidermis and dermis) are affected. Characterized by redness, blisters, and pain with possible scar development
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Second Degree Burn
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aka: Partial thickness burn.
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Burn that damages the epidermis, the dermis and the subcutaneous tissue. pain is not present bc nerve endings have been destroyed. Skin appearance is deep red, pale gray, brown or black. Scar formation is likely.
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Third Degree Burn
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aka: Full thickness burn.
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another name for "scar"
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Eschar
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ess car
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the tubelike nature of the digestive system...starting at the mouth and continuing in varying diameters to the anus
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Alimentary Canal
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the process of chewing.
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Mastication
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the term for swallowing.
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Deglutition
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extra point
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the wavelike movement that propels the food through the alimentary canal.
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Peristalsis
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Difficulty with deglutition. (swallowing)
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Dysphagia
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dys phase ya
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refers to the process of the body taking in more nutrients than it optimally needs.
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Hyperalimentation
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extra point
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the prefix "dys" means:
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Difficult
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the tag of flesh that hangs down from the medial surface of the soft palate.
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Uvula
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extra point
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there are three pair of these whick provide saliva.
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Salivary glands
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a substance that moistens the the oral cavity,initiates the digestion of starches and aids in chewing and swallowing.
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Saliva
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extra point
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the salivary gland near the ear.
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Parotid gland
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the salivary gland under the lower jaw.
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Submandibular gland
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the salivary gland under the tongue.
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Sublingual gland
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the tube that connects the oral cavity with the esophagus.
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Pharynx
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aka: throat
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a muscular mucous lined tube that extends from the throat to the stomach.
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Esophagus
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extra point
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bucc/o
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cheek
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ot/o
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ear
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esophag/o
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esophagus
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gingiv/o
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gums
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palat/o
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hard and soft palates
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cardi/o
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heart
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mandibul/o
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lower jaw bone
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maxill/o
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upper jaw bone
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labi/o cheil/o
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lips
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or/o stom/o stomat/o
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mouth
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nas/o
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nose
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or/o
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oral cavity
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pharyng/o
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pharynx
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sial/o
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saliva
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sialaden/o
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salivary glands
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dent/i odont/o
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teeth
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lingu/o gloss/o
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tongue
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uvul/o
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uvula
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the portion of the stomach that surrounds the esophagogastric connection. (one of three sections of the stomach.)This section has no acid producing cells. Also called the cardia.
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Fundus
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the central part of the stomach.
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Body
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the section of the stomach that is at the distal end of the body where the small intestines begin
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Pyloris
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when the stomach is empty, it has the appearance of being lined with many ridges. These ridges or wrinkles are called:
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Rugae
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a mix of gastric juices and hydrochloric acid which furthers the digestive process chemically.
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Chyme
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extra point
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the duodenum, jejunum and the ileum make up the:
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Small intestine
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approximate length of the small intestine.
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20 feet
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the diameter of a tubular cavity in the body from which the small intestine gets it's name.
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Lumen
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Multiple circular folds in the small intestine (plicae)contain thousands of tiny projections called:
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Villi
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organ in the body whose function is the elimination of waste products from the body.
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Large intestine.
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no villi
not well suited for the absorption of nutrients. |
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the exit from the small intestine and the entrance to the colon
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Ileocecal valve
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the first part of the large intestine, the cecum, has a worm like appendage dangling from it...it is thought to have possible immunological defenses.
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Vermiform appendix.
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the process of releasing feces from the body.
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Defecation
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extra point
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the gall bladder liver and pancreas are called what kind of organs?
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Accessory Organs
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feeling of epigastric discomfort that occurs shortly after eating. also called indigestion.
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Dypepsia
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dys difficult, abnormal, bad
pepsia digestion |
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Black tarry stools caused by the presence of partially digested blood.
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Melena
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melan/o black
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failure of the palate to close during embryonic development, creating an opening in the roof of the mouth.
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Cleft palate
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Congenital absence of normal nervous funcion in part of the colon, which results in absence of peristalic movement, accumulation of feces and an enlarged colon. Also called congenital megacolon.
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Hirschsprung Disease
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Hirschsprung Disease
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Congenital Megacolon.
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condition in which the muscle between the stomach and the small intestine narrows or fails to open adequately to allow partiall digested food into the duodenum
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Pyloric Stenosis
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recurring condition characterized by small erosions (ulcers) which appear on the mucous membranes of the mouth. aka: canker sore
aphtho/ulceration |
Aphthous stomatitis
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plaque disease caused by an interaction between food and bacteria in the mouth, leading to tooth decay. aka: cavities
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Dental caries.
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film of material that coats the teethand may lead to dental decay if not removed. (streptococcus mutans)
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Dental plaque
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Inflammatory disease of the gums.
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Gingivitits
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Inflammation of the mouth caused by the herpes simplex virus. aka: cold sore/ fever blister
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Herpetic stomatitis
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condition of the white patches that may appear on the lips and buccal musosa. Associated with tobacco use and can be precancerous.
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Leukoplakia
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condition in which the teeth do not touch properly when the mouth is closed. aka: abnormal bite.
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Malocclusion
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flowing back of the contents of the stomach to the esophagus caused by an inability of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) to contract normally.
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Gastroesophageal reflux disease
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a condition caused by chronic reflux from the stomach. associated with increased risk of cancer.
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Barrett Esophagus
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Acute or chronic inflammation of stomach may be accompanied by nausea, anorexia or indigestion.
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Gastritis
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Inflammation of the vermiform appendix.
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Appendicitis
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Inflammation of the large intestine (colon)
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Colitis
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Inflammation of the large intestine (colon)
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Colitis
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Inflammation of the ileum or the colon that is of idiopathic (unknown) origin. aka: regional enteritis
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Crohn Disease
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Development of divericula, pouches in the lining of the colon.
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Diverticulosis
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osis abnormal condition
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Inflammation occuring secondary to the occurence of diverticulosis
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Diverticulitis
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itis inflammation of
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Development of divericula, pouches in the lining of the colon.
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Diverticulosis
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osis abnormal condition
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obstruction
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Ileus
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Inflammatory disease of the liver that is caused by an increasing number of viruses alcohol and drugs. Currently named by letter. A-G the means of transmission is not the same for each form.
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Hepatitis
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forms A and E of this are transmitted through food and water.
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Hepatitis
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B, C, D and G forms of hepatitis are transmitted this way
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Blood/Sex
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the act of releasing urine. also called urination or voiding.
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Micturition
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the lack of peristalic movement in the intestinal tract. aka: adynamic ileus
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Paralytic ileus
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the major function of this "sterile" system is to continually maintain a healthy balance of the amount and content of the extracellular fluids within the body
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Urinary system.
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albumin (a protein) in the urine. Aka: proteinuria
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Albuminuria
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Condition of no urine.
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Anuria
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Excessive nitrogenous compounds, including urea, in the urine.
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Azoturia
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azot nitrogen
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Bacteria in the urine.
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Bacteriuria
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Condition of painful urination.
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Dysuria
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dys. difficult painful abnormal
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Sugar in the urine.
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Glycosuria
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Blood in the urine.
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Hematuria
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Condition of excessive urination at night.
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Nocturia
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Condition of scanty urination.
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Oliguria
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olig scanty few
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condition of excessive urination.
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Polyuria
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poly excessive.
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accumulation of fluid in the tissues...can result from kidney failure
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Edema
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condition of high blood pressure
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Hypertension
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inability to hold urine.
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Incontinence.
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excessive thirst
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Polydipsia
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defieciency of antidiuretic hormone which causes patient o excrete large quantities of urine (polyuria) and exhibit excessive thirst (polydipsia)
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Diabetes Insipidus
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Metabolic disease caused by an absolute or relative deficiency of insulin and characterized by hyperglycemia, glycosuria, water and electrolyte loss, ketoacidosis and possible eventual coma.
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Diabetes Mellitus
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Visual examination of the urinary bladder using a scope.
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Cystoscopy
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cysto bladder
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drugs that suppress the urine formation. ex: vasopressin
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Antidiuretics
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drugs that fight infection in the urinary system such as antibiotics, antiseptics and antifungals. ex: Macrobid, Septra & Bactrim
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Antiinfectives
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ADH
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Antidiuretic Hormone
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nodule filled with semisolid marerial
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cyst
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ex: keratinous cyst
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collection of etravasated blood trapped in tissues and palpable to the examiner
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Hematoma
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palapable solid lesion that may or may not be elevated less that 2 cm such as a small lipoma
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Nodule
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Tiny eccymoses within the dermal layer
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Petechia
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Superficial elevated lesion containing pus that may be the result of an infecion such as acne
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Pustule
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nodule more than 2cm; any mass or swelling, including neoplasms.
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Tumor
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Circumscribed, elevated lesion containing fluid; smaller than 1/2cm such as an insect bite.
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Vesicle
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Paper thin wasted skin often occuring in the aged or as a stretch mark from rapid weight gain.
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Atrophy
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