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15 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
What is John Dalton’s atomic theory?
All elements are composed of atoms. All atoms of the same element have the same mass. A compound contains atoms of more than one element.
In an atomic model that includes a nucleus, where is the positive charge?
in the center of an atom
What are the 3 subatomic particles of an atom?
protons, neutrons, electrons
What are the symbols and charge of the subatomic particles?
P+ = protons (positive)
N = neutrons (neutral)
E- = electrons (negative)
What are the differences between the subatomic particles?
protons and neutrons are found in the nucleus, electrons are found outside the nucleus. Protons and neutrons have close to the same mass, while electrons have much less mass.
How do you determine the number of protons an element has?
atomic number
How do you find the number of neutrons in an atom?
subtract atomic number from the mass number
What is an isotope? Give an example
same element with different number of neutrons.

Oxygen (oxygen-17 and oxygen-18)
What can you assume has happened if an electron moves to a higher energy level?
the electron has gained energy
What is the difference between an atom in the ground state and an atom in an excited state?
the atom in an excited state has more energy and is less stable than the atom in the ground state
How was the usefulness of Mendeleev’s periodic table confirmed?
the discovery of elements with predicted properties
On the periodic table, which direction do groups go? (across/rows or down/columns) Periods? (across/rows or down/columns)
groups - down/columns
periods - across/rows
How many valence electrons do elements that are the most reactive tend to have?
1 or 7
As you move from left to right across a row of the periodic table, what value increases by exactly one from element to element?
atomic number (number of protons)
What is relative to the tendency of an element to react chemically?
the number of valence electrons in atoms of the element