Chapters 3 & 4

Front 1

Why was there a growth in the demand for books toward the end of the Middle Ages/Beginning of the Renaissance?

Back 1

people were generally interested in learning/owning books (as a status symbol)

Front 2

the first printing press was adapted from ___________

Back 2

a press used to press grapes into wine

Front 3

2 artists who wrote about proportions of letters for Scribes

Back 3

Leonardo DaVinci and Albrect Dürer

Front 4

Who developed the art of printing in Europe? When? Where?

Back 4

- Johann Gutenberg
- 1450
- Mainz, Germany

Front 5

name and define three other inventions developed and refined by Gutenberg

Back 5

1. refined oil-based ink that was tacky enough to stick to the metal letters, yet released onto the paper. [upgrade from egg white tempera]
2. the two-part precision mold, allowed casting of letters that were precisely the same height and depth.
3. The Galley, a metal frame for holding type in place on the press bed. The Chase, an adjustable locking device used for locking type in place on the press.

Front 6

______________ is the lettering style that the earliest printed type was based on

Back 6

Gothic Textura

Front 7

why is the invention of printing considered one of the first uses of mass production?

Back 7

the production of the book was broken down into a series of tasks, and a craftsman did not make an entire book from beginning to end.

Front 8

Name the first printed book using moveable, reusable type

Back 8

Gutenberg's 42 Line Bible

Front 9

who threw out the first printer out of his workshop and stole the proceeds of the sale of the books?

Back 9

Fust

Front 10

Who designed the typeface "Old Face" that was popular in England for hundreds of years?

Back 10

Caslon

Front 11

Who printed the first paperback book?

Back 11

Aldus Manutius

Front 12

Who printed the first book in English?

Back 12

Caxton

Front 13

Victorian type was used predominantly for...

Back 13

posters, ads, packaging, etc.

Front 14

___________ created the first paperback, small scale book for individual use

Back 14

Aldus Manutius

Front 15

____________ designed the first italic font

Back 15

Griffo

Front 16

__________ designed script typefaces based on the handwriting of the day

Back 16

Grandjon

Front 17

_____________ is considered the first publisher; published classic Greek and Roman text for students

Back 17

Aldus Manutius

Front 18

____________ cut the punches for the Romaine du Roi

Back 18

Grandjean

Front 19

__________ was known as the first typefounder

Back 19

Garamond

Front 20

___________ was known as the first type designer, seperate from the first type punch cutter

Back 20

Baskerville

Front 21

___________ designed the first sans serif font

Back 21

Caslon IV

Front 22

__________ designed the first pure Roman typeface that helped the move away from Gothic fonts

Back 22

Jenson

Front 23

_____________ was the name given to the first 50 years after the invention of printing when there were lots of printing innovations

Back 23

Incunabula

Front 24

_______________ was the name of the font designed for early typewriters

Back 24

Pica

Front 25

Printing in the colonies was...

Back 25

fuel to the Revolution.

Front 26

Victorian type is recognized as...

Back 26

Ornamented and Flourished

Front 27

_________ is the term for the casting of two characters that are joined on the same piece of lead

Back 27

Ligatures

Front 28

__________ is the term for the tightening of letter-spacing between characters

Back 28

Kerning

Front 29

__________ was responsible for the move of workers from the fields to the cities

Back 29

the Industrial Revolution

Front 30

___________ allowed paper to be made using wood pulp, on machines...rather by hand

Back 30

Foundrinier's Roll Machine

Front 31

___________ determined that structure and proportions for the Romain du Roi using a grid of 6304 squares.

Back 31

The French Academy of Sciences, or Phillipe Grandjean

Front 32

_________ requires the ink to be spread into the recesses of the plate; can only give a limited # of impressions.

Back 32

Copperplate engraving

Front 33

allows the ink to sit on top of the raised metal letters

Back 33

Letterpress Printing

Front 34

hardened steel original version of the letter that is used to make the impression into the brass plate

Back 34

Punch

Front 35

the soft brass plate that the cut version of the letter is hammered into

Back 35

Matrix

Front 36

the typeface of the first printed book

Back 36

Gothic Textura

Front 37

printing press innovation by Baskerville

Back 37

hot pressed paper

Front 38

A style in France, known for so much decoration that the initial caps are tough to read

Back 38

Rococo type

Front 39

were the same character in early English

Back 39

U and V

Front 40

name given to early typewriters

Back 40

Practical Writing Machines

Front 41

designed Oldstyle typeface

Back 41

Caslon

Front 42

designed a Transitional typeface

Back 42

Baskerville

Front 43

designed a Modern style typeface

Back 43

Bodoni or Didot

Front 44

developed the first typewriter

Back 44

William Austin Burt

Front 45

first applied the steam engine to the printing press

Back 45

Koenig