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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is matter? |
Anything that occupies space and has mass |
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What is an Exothermic Heat Reaction? |
A chemical reaction with two or more materials that changes the materials and produces heat, flames and toxic smoke. |
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What is an Endothermic Heat Reaction? |
Chemical reaction in which a substance absorbs heat energy. |
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What is Combustion? |
An EXOTHERMIC chemical reaction that is a self sustaining process of rapid oxidization of fuel. produces heat and light. |
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What is the Fire Tetrahedron? |
A model of the 4 elements required to have a fire.
(fuel, heat, oxygen and chemical chain reaction.) |
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What is Potential Energy? |
Stored energy possessed by an object that can be released to perform work. |
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What is Kinetic Energy? |
The energy possessed by a moving object. |
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What is Autoignition Temperature? |
When no ignition source is required because the material itself had been heated to ignition temperature. |
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What is Conduction? |
Physical Flow/ Transfer of heat energy from one body to another through direct contact or intervening medium from high to low temperature. |
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What is Convection? |
The transfer of heat by movement of heated fluids or gases, usually in an upward direction. |
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What is Radiation? |
The transmission of heat energy from one body to another at a lower temperature thru intervening space by electromagnetic waves, x-rays or radio waves. |
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What is the Reducing Agent? |
The fuel that is being oxidized or burned during combustion. |
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What is Specific Gravity? |
The ratio of the density of a substance to the density of a standard. Usually water for liquid and air for a gas. |
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What is Vaporization? |
changing a liquid into a gaseous state. Depends on substance involved, heat and pressure. |
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What is Flash Point? |
The minimum temperature at which liquid fuel produces sufficient vapors to support an ignitable mixture with air, near the liquids surface. |
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What is Fire Point? |
The temperature at which liquid fuel produces sufficient vapors to support combustion once the fuel is ignited. |
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What does Miscible mean? |
Materials that are capable of being mixed |
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What is Solubility? |
The degree to which a solid, liquid or gas dissolves in a solvent. |
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What the Flammable Range? |
The range between the upper flammable limit and lower flammable limit in which a substance can be ignited. |
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What is Carbon Monoxide? (CO) |
A colorless, odorless toxic flammable gas formed by incomplete combustion of carbon.
(decreases bloods ability to carry oxygen) |
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What is Carbon Dioxide? (CO2) |
Colorless and odorless, heavier than air, gas. Does NOT support combustion or burn. |
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What is Saponification? |
A phenomenon that occurs when alkaline-based chemicals and certain oils come in contact resulting in a soapy film. |
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What is the Incipient Stage? |
The FIRST stage of the burning process. some heat is being produced but has not spread |
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What is the Growth Stage? |
The early stage of a fire. Fuel and oxygen is unlimited; rapid increase of releasing heat. |
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What is Thermal Layering? (of gasses) |
Development of a hot gas layer at the ceiling with cooler air below. (Outcome of combustion)` |
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What is a Rollover? |
Condition where unburned combustible gas is released in a confined space during incipient stage. gases pushed and mixed with oxygen, they ignite and the fire expands rapidly. |
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What is a Flashover? |
A stage where all surfaces/ objects have been heated to their ignition temp. and flame breaks out all at once over the entire surface. |
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What is the Fully Developed Stage? |
A stage where energy releases is a max. rate and is limited only by availability of fuel and oxygen. |
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What is Decay? |
A stage where fuel is consumed and energy release diminishes and temp. decreases. ventilation controlled to fuel controlled. |
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What is a Backdrift? |
Instantaneous explosion or rapid burning of super-heated gases that occur when oxygen is introduced to an oxygen-depleted confined space. |
