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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Surface water |
Precipitation that remains on the surface of the land and does not seep down through the soil. |
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Runoff |
The environment of fresh water from precipitation and snowmelt to rivers, lakes, wetlands, and the ocean. |
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Groundwater |
The supply of fresh water under Earth's surface that is stored in underground aquifers. |
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Aquifer depletion |
The removal of groundwater faster than it can be recharged by precipitation or melting snow. |
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Saltwater intrusion |
The movement of seawater into a freshwater aquifer near the coast. |
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Salinization |
The gradual accumulation of salt in soil, often as a result of improper irrigation methods. |
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Sustainable Water Use |
The wise use of water resources without harming the essential functioning of the hydrologic cycle or the ecosystems on which present and future humans depend. |
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Microirrigation |
A type of irrigation that conserves water by piping it to crops through sealed systems. |
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Sewage |
Wastewater from drains or sewers |
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Water pollution |
A physical, biological, or chemical change in water that adversely affects the health of humans and other organisms |
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Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) |
The amount of oxygen that microorganisms need to decompose biological wastes into carbon dioxide, water, and minerals. |
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Artificial Eutrophication |
Overnourishment of an equatic ecosystem by nutrients such as nitrates and phosphates due to human activities such as agriculture and discharge from sewage treatment plants |
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Point source pollution |
Water pollution that can be traced back to a specific point of entry. |
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Nonpoint source pollution |
Pollution that enters bodies of water over large areas rather than being concentrated at a single point of entry. |
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Primary treatment |
Treatment of wastewater that involves removing suspended and floating particles through mechanical processes. |
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Secondary treatment |
Biological treatment of wastewater to decompose suspended organic material
Reduces waters biochemical oxygen demand |
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Tertiary treatment |
Advanced wastewater treatment methods that are sometimes employed after primary and secondary treatments |
